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Differential RNA editing landscapes in host cell versus the SARS-CoV-2 genome

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Title: Differential RNA editing landscapes in host cell versus the SARS-CoV-2 genome
Authors: Małgorzata Kurkowiak, Sarah Fletcher, Alison Daniels, Paweł Mozolewski, Domenico Alessandro Silvestris, Ewelina Król, Natalia Marek-Trzonkowska, Ted Hupp, Christine Tait-Burkard
Source: iScience, Vol 26, Iss 11, Pp 108031- (2023)
Publisher Information: Elsevier, 2023.
Publication Year: 2023
Collection: LCC:Science
Subject Terms: Virology, Evolutionary biology, Science
More Details: Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic was defined by the emergence of new variants formed through virus mutation originating from random errors not corrected by viral proofreading and/or the host antiviral response introducing mutations into the viral genome. While sequencing information hints at cellular RNA editing pathways playing a role in viral evolution, here, we use an in vitro human cell infection model to assess RNA mutation types in two SARS-CoV-2 strains representing the original and the alpha variants. The variants showed both different cellular responses and mutation patterns with alpha showing higher mutation frequency with most substitutions observed being C-U, indicating an important role for apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide-like editing. Knockdown of select APOBEC3s through RNAi increased virus production in the original virus, but not in alpha. Overall, these data suggest a deaminase-independent anti-viral function of APOBECs in SARS-CoV-2 while the C-U editing itself might function to enhance genetic diversity enabling evolutionary adaptation.
Document Type: article
File Description: electronic resource
Language: English
ISSN: 2589-0042
Relation: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004223021089; https://doaj.org/toc/2589-0042
DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108031
Access URL: https://doaj.org/article/96e6a4a0653448ff93e4d1d0e6bd2996
Accession Number: edsdoj.96e6a4a0653448ff93e4d1d0e6bd2996
Database: Directory of Open Access Journals
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  Data: Differential RNA editing landscapes in host cell versus the SARS-CoV-2 genome
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Małgorzata+Kurkowiak%22">Małgorzata Kurkowiak</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sarah+Fletcher%22">Sarah Fletcher</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Alison+Daniels%22">Alison Daniels</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Paweł+Mozolewski%22">Paweł Mozolewski</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Domenico+Alessandro+Silvestris%22">Domenico Alessandro Silvestris</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ewelina+Król%22">Ewelina Król</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Natalia+Marek-Trzonkowska%22">Natalia Marek-Trzonkowska</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ted+Hupp%22">Ted Hupp</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Christine+Tait-Burkard%22">Christine Tait-Burkard</searchLink>
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  Data: iScience, Vol 26, Iss 11, Pp 108031- (2023)
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  Data: Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic was defined by the emergence of new variants formed through virus mutation originating from random errors not corrected by viral proofreading and/or the host antiviral response introducing mutations into the viral genome. While sequencing information hints at cellular RNA editing pathways playing a role in viral evolution, here, we use an in vitro human cell infection model to assess RNA mutation types in two SARS-CoV-2 strains representing the original and the alpha variants. The variants showed both different cellular responses and mutation patterns with alpha showing higher mutation frequency with most substitutions observed being C-U, indicating an important role for apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide-like editing. Knockdown of select APOBEC3s through RNAi increased virus production in the original virus, but not in alpha. Overall, these data suggest a deaminase-independent anti-viral function of APOBECs in SARS-CoV-2 while the C-U editing itself might function to enhance genetic diversity enabling evolutionary adaptation.
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