Advances in antiviral strategies targeting mosquito-borne viruses: cellular, viral, and immune-related approaches

Bibliographic Details
Title: Advances in antiviral strategies targeting mosquito-borne viruses: cellular, viral, and immune-related approaches
Authors: Ayyaz Khan, Zakirullah, Shahid Wahab, Seong-Tshool Hong
Source: Virology Journal, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-36 (2025)
Publisher Information: BMC, 2025.
Publication Year: 2025
Collection: LCC:Infectious and parasitic diseases
Subject Terms: Mosquitoes-borne-viruses, Public health, Antiviral therapy, Cellular factors, Viral components, Immune-related approaches, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
More Details: Abstract Mosquito-borne viruses (MBVs) are a major global health threat, causing significant morbidity and mortality. MBVs belong to several distinct viral families, each with unique characteristics. The primary families include Flaviviridae (e.g., Dengue, Zika, West Nile, Yellow Fever, Japanese Encephalitis), transmitted predominantly by Aedes and Culex mosquitoes; Togaviridae, which consists of the genus Alphavirus (e.g., Chikungunya, Eastern and Western Equine Encephalitis viruses), also transmitted by Aedes and Culex; Bunyaviridae (recently reorganized), containing viruses like Rift Valley Fever and Oropouche virus, transmitted by mosquitoes and sometimes sandflies; and Reoviridae, which includes the genus Orbivirus (e.g., West Nile and Bluetongue viruses), primarily affecting animals and transmitted by mosquitoes and sandflies. Despite extensive research, effective antiviral treatments for MBVs remain scarce, and current therapies mainly provide symptomatic relief and supportive care. This review examines the viral components and cellular and immune factors involved in the life cycle of MBVs. It also highlights recent advances in antiviral strategies targeting host factors such as lipid metabolism, ion channels, and proteasomes, as well as viral targets like NS2B-NS3 proteases and nonstructural proteins. Additionally, it explores immunomodulatory therapies to enhance antiviral responses and emphasizes the potential of drug repurposing, bioinformatics, artificial intelligence, and deep learning in identifying novel antiviral candidates. Continued research is crucial in mitigating MBVs’ impact and preventing future outbreaks.
Document Type: article
File Description: electronic resource
Language: English
ISSN: 1743-422X
Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/1743-422X
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-025-02622-z
Access URL: https://doaj.org/article/df51f42c2f9844eb9cd2c1b08ed41c49
Accession Number: edsdoj.f51f42c2f9844eb9cd2c1b08ed41c49
Database: Directory of Open Access Journals
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More Details
ISSN:1743422X
DOI:10.1186/s12985-025-02622-z
Published in:Virology Journal
Language:English