Bibliographic Details
| Title: |
Pyrogenic and neuroinflammatory properties of zymosan and its potential as an alternative to live yeast in antipyretic drug testing |
| Authors: |
Rachael Dangarembizi, Christoph D. Rummel, Joachim Roth, Kennedy H. Erlwanger, Michael T. Madziva, Lois M. Harden |
| Source: |
FACETS, Vol 4, Iss 1, Pp 162-182 (2019) |
| Publisher Information: |
Canadian Science Publishing, 2019. |
| Publication Year: |
2019 |
| Collection: |
LCC:Education
LCC:Science |
| Subject Terms: |
cytokines, cyclooxygenase, anorexia, lethargy, immune-to-brain communication, circumventricular organs, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Education, Science |
| More Details: |
Zymosan, an immunogenic cell wall extract of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has potential for use as an experimental pyrogen. However, the short-lived sickness responses noted with intraperitoneal and intra-articular administration of zymosan limits investigations on the long-term effectiveness of antipyretic drugs. Thus, there remains a need to establish an alternative route of zymosan administration that could induce long-lived fevers and inflammation. We injected male Sprague Dawley rats (250–300 g) subcutaneously with zymosan (30 or 300 mg/kg) or saline; n = 7–8. We measured core body temperature, cage activity, food intake and body mass for 24 h after injection. Blood and brain samples were collected at 2, 8, and 18 h after injection. Zymosan (300 mg/kg) induced fever, lethargy, and anorexia, which lasted for 24 h. Zymosan-induced sickness responses were accompanied by increased blood plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α; activation of inflammatory transcription factors (nuclear factor (NF) for IL-6, signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-3, and NF-κB) in the hypothalamus and circumventricular organs; and increased hypothalamic mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 and rate-limiting enzymes for prostaglandin synthesis. Our results confirm the suitability of subcutaneous administration of zymosan for screening antipyretic and anti-inflammatory drugs in rats. |
| Document Type: |
article |
| File Description: |
electronic resource |
| Language: |
English |
| ISSN: |
2371-1671 |
| Relation: |
https://doaj.org/toc/2371-1671 |
| DOI: |
10.1139/facets-2018-0045 |
| Access URL: |
https://doaj.org/article/b1207f77f8bc4ca3aa1cd6782c1f5c47 |
| Accession Number: |
edsdoj.b1207f77f8bc4ca3aa1cd6782c1f5c47 |
| Database: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
