Academic Journal
A human coronavirus evolves antigenically to escape antibody immunity.
| Title: | A human coronavirus evolves antigenically to escape antibody immunity. |
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| Authors: | Rachel T Eguia, Katharine H D Crawford, Terry Stevens-Ayers, Laurel Kelnhofer-Millevolte, Alexander L Greninger, Janet A Englund, Michael J Boeckh, Jesse D Bloom |
| Source: | PLoS Pathogens, Vol 17, Iss 4, p e1009453 (2021) |
| Publisher Information: | Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2021. |
| Publication Year: | 2021 |
| Collection: | LCC:Immunologic diseases. Allergy LCC:Biology (General) |
| Subject Terms: | Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607, Biology (General), QH301-705.5 |
| More Details: | There is intense interest in antibody immunity to coronaviruses. However, it is unknown if coronaviruses evolve to escape such immunity, and if so, how rapidly. Here we address this question by characterizing the historical evolution of human coronavirus 229E. We identify human sera from the 1980s and 1990s that have neutralizing titers against contemporaneous 229E that are comparable to the anti-SARS-CoV-2 titers induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination. We test these sera against 229E strains isolated after sera collection, and find that neutralizing titers are lower against these "future" viruses. In some cases, sera that neutralize contemporaneous 229E viral strains with titers >1:100 do not detectably neutralize strains isolated 8-17 years later. The decreased neutralization of "future" viruses is due to antigenic evolution of the viral spike, especially in the receptor-binding domain. If these results extrapolate to other coronaviruses, then it may be advisable to periodically update SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. |
| Document Type: | article |
| File Description: | electronic resource |
| Language: | English |
| ISSN: | 1553-7366 1553-7374 |
| Relation: | https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1009453&type=printable; https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7366; https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7374 |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009453&type=printable |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009453 |
| Access URL: | https://doaj.org/article/b0411573015b4743ab53aa2f4aedcd83 |
| Accession Number: | edsdoj.b0411573015b4743ab53aa2f4aedcd83 |
| Database: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
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| ISSN: | 15537366 15537374 |
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| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009453&type=printable |
| Published in: | PLoS Pathogens |
| Language: | English |