Academic Journal
A data-driven cluster analysis to explore cognitive reserve and modifiable risk factors in early phases of cognitive decline
| Title: | A data-driven cluster analysis to explore cognitive reserve and modifiable risk factors in early phases of cognitive decline |
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| Authors: | Sara Bernini, Alice Valcarenghi, Elena Ballante, Federico Fassio, Marta Picascia, Elena Cavallini, Matteo Cotta Ramusino, Alfredo Costa, Tomaso Vecchi, Cristina Tassorelli, Sara Bottiroli |
| Source: | Scientific Reports, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2025) |
| Publisher Information: | Nature Portfolio, 2025. |
| Publication Year: | 2025 |
| Collection: | LCC:Medicine LCC:Science |
| Subject Terms: | Medicine, Science |
| More Details: | Abstract The present study was aimed to cluster sub-groups of patients with varying degrees of cognitive impairment (Subjective Cognitive Decline, mild or Major Neurocognitive Disorder) based on their modifiable risk factors and cognitive reserve with k-means analysis. As a secondary analysis, we described the identified clusters from different perspectives, i.e., socio-demographic characteristics, cognitive functioning, and mental health. The analysis revealed two clusters, which were composed by 27 and 43 patients characterized by protective (Cluster 1) and unprotective (Cluster 2) everyday life habits, respectively. The two groups showed significant differences across all examined dimensions, with Cluster 1 demonstrating a more favourable profile compared to Cluster 2. Specifically, Cluster 1 exhibited advantages in: (1) sociodemographic (education, technological skills, and occupation), (2) cognitive (global cognitive functioning, executive functioning, and working memory), and (3) mental health (mood state and quality of life) characteristics. Such a finding is representative of a more positive individual wellbeing for people who adopt protective behaviours. In the field of dementia prevention, these results support the importance to intervene proactively and simultaneously in the management of multiple risk factors during the entire lifespan. |
| Document Type: | article |
| File Description: | electronic resource |
| Language: | English |
| ISSN: | 2045-2322 |
| Relation: | https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322 |
| DOI: | 10.1038/s41598-025-88340-6 |
| Access URL: | https://doaj.org/article/9903a54005f9428f88e140e6d000455c |
| Accession Number: | edsdoj.9903a54005f9428f88e140e6d000455c |
| Database: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
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| ISSN: | 20452322 |
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| DOI: | 10.1038/s41598-025-88340-6 |
| Published in: | Scientific Reports |
| Language: | English |