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Cardiovascular Manifestations in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) Associated with COVID-19 According to Age

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Title: Cardiovascular Manifestations in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) Associated with COVID-19 According to Age
Authors: Claudia Campanello, Claudia Mercuri, Maria Derchi, Gianluca Trocchio, Alessandro Consolaro, Roberta Caorsi, Angelo Ravelli, Alessandro Rimini, Maurizio Marasini, Marco Gattorno
Source: Children, Vol 9, Iss 5, p 583 (2022)
Publisher Information: MDPI AG, 2022.
Publication Year: 2022
Collection: LCC:Pediatrics
Subject Terms: multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, cardiovascular manifestations, pediatrics, COVID-19, Pediatrics, RJ1-570
More Details: Cardiac involvement in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with coronavirus-19 disease is often observed with a high risk of heart failure. The aim is to describe cardiovascular involvement, management and early outcome in MIS-C by comparing cardiovascular manifestations in children younger and older than 6 years old. This retrospective observational study included 25 children with MIS-C, admitted to a single pediatric center between March 2020 and September 2021. The median age was 5 years (13 patients under 6 years and 12 over 6 years); coronary artery abnormalities were observed in 77% of preschoolers, with small and medium aneurysms in half of the cases and two cases of mild ventricular dysfunction. School-age children presented myopericardial involvement with mild to moderate ventricular dysfunction in 67% of cases, and two cases of transient coronary dilatation. There was a significant NT-pro-BNP and inflammatory markers increase in 25 of the patients, and mild elevation of troponin I in 9. All patients were treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and corticosteroids, and 8 with anakinra. None of the patients needed inotropes or intensive care unit admission. Our study shows the frequent cardiovascular involvement in MIS-C with a peculiar distribution, according to different age group: coronary artery anomalies were more frequent in the younger group, and myopericardial disease in the older one. A prompt multitarget, anti-inflammatory therapy could probably contribute to a favorable outcome.
Document Type: article
File Description: electronic resource
Language: English
ISSN: 2227-9067
Relation: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/9/5/583; https://doaj.org/toc/2227-9067
DOI: 10.3390/children9050583
Access URL: https://doaj.org/article/94d8ec3adaa94c74943dca22db65f1a5
Accession Number: edsdoj.94d8ec3adaa94c74943dca22db65f1a5
Database: Directory of Open Access Journals
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  Data: Cardiovascular Manifestations in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) Associated with COVID-19 According to Age
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Claudia+Campanello%22">Claudia Campanello</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Claudia+Mercuri%22">Claudia Mercuri</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Maria+Derchi%22">Maria Derchi</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gianluca+Trocchio%22">Gianluca Trocchio</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Alessandro+Consolaro%22">Alessandro Consolaro</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Roberta+Caorsi%22">Roberta Caorsi</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Angelo+Ravelli%22">Angelo Ravelli</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Alessandro+Rimini%22">Alessandro Rimini</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Maurizio+Marasini%22">Maurizio Marasini</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Marco+Gattorno%22">Marco Gattorno</searchLink>
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  Data: Children, Vol 9, Iss 5, p 583 (2022)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22multisystem+inflammatory+syndrome+in+children%22">multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22cardiovascular+manifestations%22">cardiovascular manifestations</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22pediatrics%22">pediatrics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22COVID-19%22">COVID-19</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pediatrics%22">Pediatrics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22RJ1-570%22">RJ1-570</searchLink>
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  Data: Cardiac involvement in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with coronavirus-19 disease is often observed with a high risk of heart failure. The aim is to describe cardiovascular involvement, management and early outcome in MIS-C by comparing cardiovascular manifestations in children younger and older than 6 years old. This retrospective observational study included 25 children with MIS-C, admitted to a single pediatric center between March 2020 and September 2021. The median age was 5 years (13 patients under 6 years and 12 over 6 years); coronary artery abnormalities were observed in 77% of preschoolers, with small and medium aneurysms in half of the cases and two cases of mild ventricular dysfunction. School-age children presented myopericardial involvement with mild to moderate ventricular dysfunction in 67% of cases, and two cases of transient coronary dilatation. There was a significant NT-pro-BNP and inflammatory markers increase in 25 of the patients, and mild elevation of troponin I in 9. All patients were treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and corticosteroids, and 8 with anakinra. None of the patients needed inotropes or intensive care unit admission. Our study shows the frequent cardiovascular involvement in MIS-C with a peculiar distribution, according to different age group: coronary artery anomalies were more frequent in the younger group, and myopericardial disease in the older one. A prompt multitarget, anti-inflammatory therapy could probably contribute to a favorable outcome.
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  Data: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/9/5/583; https://doaj.org/toc/2227-9067
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