Academic Journal
Three-dimensional printed PLA scaffold and human gingival stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles: a new tool for bone defect repair
| Title: | Three-dimensional printed PLA scaffold and human gingival stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles: a new tool for bone defect repair |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Francesca Diomede, Agnese Gugliandolo, Paolo Cardelli, Ilaria Merciaro, Valeria Ettorre, Tonino Traini, Rossella Bedini, Domenico Scionti, Alessia Bramanti, Antonio Nanci, Sergio Caputi, Antonella Fontana, Emanuela Mazzon, Oriana Trubiani |
| Source: | Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-21 (2018) |
| Publisher Information: | BMC, 2018. |
| Publication Year: | 2018 |
| Collection: | LCC:Medicine (General) LCC:Biochemistry |
| Subject Terms: | Human gingival mesenchymal stem cells, 3D scaffold, Extracellular vesicles, Bone regeneration, Medicine (General), R5-920, Biochemistry, QD415-436 |
| More Details: | Abstract Background The role of bone tissue engineering in the field of regenerative medicine has been a main research topic over the past few years. There has been much interest in the use of three-dimensional (3D) engineered scaffolds (PLA) complexed with human gingival mesenchymal stem cells (hGMSCs) as a new therapeutic strategy to improve bone tissue regeneration. These devices can mimic a more favorable endogenous microenvironment for cells in vivo by providing 3D substrates which are able to support cell survival, proliferation and differentiation. The present study evaluated the in vitro and in vivo capability of bone defect regeneration of 3D PLA, hGMSCs, extracellular vesicles (EVs), or polyethyleneimine (PEI)-engineered EVs (PEI-EVs) in the following experimental groups: 3D-PLA, 3D-PLA + hGMSCs, 3D-PLA + EVs, 3D-PLA + EVs + hGMSCs, 3D-PLA + PEI-EVs, 3D-PLA + PEI-EVs + hGMSCs. Methods The structural parameters of the scaffold were evaluated using both scanning electron microscopy and nondestructive microcomputed tomography. Nanotopographic surface features were investigated by means of atomic force microscopy. Scaffolds showed a statistically significant mass loss along the 112-day evaluation. Results Our in vitro results revealed that both 3D-PLA + EVs + hGMSCs and 3D-PLA + PEI-EVs + hGMSCs showed no cytotoxicity. However, 3D-PLA + PEI-EVs + hGMSCs exhibited greater osteogenic inductivity as revealed by morphological evaluation and transcriptomic analysis performed by next-generation sequencing (NGS). In addition, in vivo results showed that 3D-PLA + PEI-EVs + hGMSCs and 3D-PLA + PEI-EVs scaffolds implanted in rats subjected to cortical calvaria bone tissue damage were able to improve bone healing by showing better osteogenic properties. These results were supported also by computed tomography evaluation that revealed the repair of bone calvaria damage. Conclusion The re-establishing of the integrity of the bone lesions could be a promising strategy in the treatment of accidental or surgery trauma, especially for cranial bones. |
| Document Type: | article |
| File Description: | electronic resource |
| Language: | English |
| ISSN: | 1757-6512 |
| Relation: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13287-018-0850-0; https://doaj.org/toc/1757-6512 |
| DOI: | 10.1186/s13287-018-0850-0 |
| Access URL: | https://doaj.org/article/a921eaacae1d462c8b7ecf9a1f661c30 |
| Accession Number: | edsdoj.921eaacae1d462c8b7ecf9a1f661c30 |
| Database: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
| Full text is not displayed to guests. | Login for full access. |
| ISSN: | 17576512 |
|---|---|
| DOI: | 10.1186/s13287-018-0850-0 |
| Published in: | Stem Cell Research & Therapy |
| Language: | English |