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Acute hyperinsulinemia inhibits intramyocellular triglyceride synthesis in high-fat-fed obese rats

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Title: Acute hyperinsulinemia inhibits intramyocellular triglyceride synthesis in high-fat-fed obese rats
Authors: ZengKui Guo, Lianzhen Zhou, Michael D. Jensen
Source: Journal of Lipid Research, Vol 47, Iss 12, Pp 2640-2646 (2006)
Publisher Information: Elsevier, 2006.
Publication Year: 2006
Collection: LCC:Biochemistry
Subject Terms: muscle, triglycerides, insulin, obesity, Biochemistry, QD415-436
More Details: Hyperinsulinemia is common in obesity, but whether it plays a role in intramyocellular triglyceride (imcTG) buildup is unknown. In this study, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp experiments were performed in overnight-fasted lean and high-fat-fed obese rats, awake, to determine the effect of insulin on imcTG synthesis (incorporation of [14C]glycerol, [14C]glucose, and [3H]oleate). Insulin infusion at 25 (low insulin) and 100 (high insulin) pmol/kg/min increased plasma insulin by 5- and 16-fold, respectively, whereas plasma and intramyocellular glycerol, FFAs, triglycerides, and glucose levels were maintained at their basal levels by co-infusion of exogenous glycerol, FFAs, and triglycerides at fixed rates and glucose at varying rates. In obese rats, insulin suppressed incorporation of glycerol into the imcTG-glycerol moiety dose dependently (P < 0.01–P < 0.001) in gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior, but only the high insulin suppressed it in soleus (P < 0.05). The low insulin suppressed glucose incorporation into imcTG-glycerol in all three muscles (P = 0.01–P < 0.01). However, the low insulin did not affect (P > 0.05) and the high insulin suppressed (P < 0.05–P < 0.01) fatty acid incorporation into imcTG in all three muscles. Insulin also suppressed glycerol incorporation in lean rats (P < 0.01–P < 0.04). On the other hand, imcTG pool size was not affected by insulin (P > 0.05). These observations suggest that acute hyperinsulinemia inhibits imcTG synthesis and thus does not appear to promote imcTG accumulation via the synthetic pathway, at least in the short term.
Document Type: article
File Description: electronic resource
Language: English
ISSN: 0022-2275
Relation: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022227520432560; https://doaj.org/toc/0022-2275
DOI: 10.1194/jlr.M600116-JLR200
Access URL: https://doaj.org/article/82afc7bf39964cfc906178814b21d2ac
Accession Number: edsdoj.82afc7bf39964cfc906178814b21d2ac
Database: Directory of Open Access Journals
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  Data: Journal of Lipid Research, Vol 47, Iss 12, Pp 2640-2646 (2006)
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  Data: Hyperinsulinemia is common in obesity, but whether it plays a role in intramyocellular triglyceride (imcTG) buildup is unknown. In this study, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp experiments were performed in overnight-fasted lean and high-fat-fed obese rats, awake, to determine the effect of insulin on imcTG synthesis (incorporation of [14C]glycerol, [14C]glucose, and [3H]oleate). Insulin infusion at 25 (low insulin) and 100 (high insulin) pmol/kg/min increased plasma insulin by 5- and 16-fold, respectively, whereas plasma and intramyocellular glycerol, FFAs, triglycerides, and glucose levels were maintained at their basal levels by co-infusion of exogenous glycerol, FFAs, and triglycerides at fixed rates and glucose at varying rates. In obese rats, insulin suppressed incorporation of glycerol into the imcTG-glycerol moiety dose dependently (P &lt; 0.01–P &lt; 0.001) in gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior, but only the high insulin suppressed it in soleus (P &lt; 0.05). The low insulin suppressed glucose incorporation into imcTG-glycerol in all three muscles (P = 0.01–P &lt; 0.01). However, the low insulin did not affect (P &gt; 0.05) and the high insulin suppressed (P &lt; 0.05–P &lt; 0.01) fatty acid incorporation into imcTG in all three muscles. Insulin also suppressed glycerol incorporation in lean rats (P &lt; 0.01–P &lt; 0.04). On the other hand, imcTG pool size was not affected by insulin (P &gt; 0.05). These observations suggest that acute hyperinsulinemia inhibits imcTG synthesis and thus does not appear to promote imcTG accumulation via the synthetic pathway, at least in the short term.
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: triglycerides
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      – SubjectFull: insulin
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