Bibliographic Details
| Title: |
Ultrasound of Bile Ducts—An Update on Measurements, Reference Values, and Their Influencing Factors |
| Authors: |
Claudia Lucius, Anja Flückiger, Jennifer Meier, Kathleen Möller, Christian Jenssen, Barbara Braden, Michael Kallenbach, Benjamin Misselwitz, Christian Nolsøe, Michael Sienz, Constantinos Zervides, Christoph Frank Dietrich |
| Source: |
Diagnostics, Vol 15, Iss 7, p 919 (2025) |
| Publisher Information: |
MDPI AG, 2025. |
| Publication Year: |
2025 |
| Collection: |
LCC:Medicine (General) |
| Subject Terms: |
reference values, common bile duct, diameters, measurement, cystic duct, bile duct drainage, Medicine (General), R5-920 |
| More Details: |
Objective: To provide an overview of the technique and normal values of ultrasound studies of the bile system based on the published literature. Methods: A literature search for ultrasound studies with measurements of the bile ducts in healthy subjects was performed. Relevant data published between 1975 and end of 2024 were extracted, discussed, and complemented with the own experiences of the authors. The clinical implications are presented and discussed. Results: For the diameter of the common bile duct, reference values between 5 and 9 mm have been published. The main influencing factors are age and history of cholecystectomy, and other factors to be considered are discussed here. The cut-off for the common bile duct wall is set at 1.5 mm. The literature on measurements of intrahepatic bile ducts is scarce. A diameter of Conclusions: Standardized measurement techniques and normal values in the context of influencing factors are crucial for the ultrasound examination of the bile system. |
| Document Type: |
article |
| File Description: |
electronic resource |
| Language: |
English |
| ISSN: |
2075-4418 |
| Relation: |
https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/7/919; https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4418 |
| DOI: |
10.3390/diagnostics15070919 |
| Access URL: |
https://doaj.org/article/cdde5154a6114070bc8bab9cafb6c23f |
| Accession Number: |
edsdoj.5154a6114070bc8bab9cafb6c23f |
| Database: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
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