Spread of the Emerging Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus Strain, Genotype IVb, in Michigan, USA

Bibliographic Details
Title: Spread of the Emerging Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus Strain, Genotype IVb, in Michigan, USA
Authors: James Winton, Mohamed Faisal, Michael V. Thomas, Martha Wolgamood, Carolyn A. Schulz, Andrew D. Winters, Alaa Eissa, Michelle R. Gunn, Gary E. Whelan, Elena V. Millard, Megan Shavalier, Robert K. Kim
Source: Viruses, Vol 4, Iss 5, Pp 734-760 (2012)
Publisher Information: MDPI AG, 2012.
Publication Year: 2012
Collection: LCC:Microbiology
Subject Terms: Michigan, viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus, Laurentian Great Lakes, emerging disease, Microbiology, QR1-502
More Details: In 2003, viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) emerged in the Laurentian Great Lakes causing serious losses in a number of ecologically and recreationally important fish species. Within six years, despite concerted managerial preventive measures, the virus spread into the five Great Lakes and to a number of inland waterbodies. In response to this emerging threat, cooperative efforts between the Michigan Department of Natural Resources (MI DNR), the Michigan State University Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory (MSU-AAHL), and the United States Department of Agriculture-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services (USDA-APHIS) were focused on performing a series of general and VHSV-targeted surveillances to determine the extent of virus trafficking in the State of Michigan. Herein we describe six years (2005–2010) of testing, covering hundreds of sites throughout Michigan’s Upper and Lower Peninsulas. A total of 96,228 fish representing 73 species were checked for lesions suggestive of VHSV and their internal organs tested for the presence of VHSV using susceptible cell lines. Of the 1,823 cases tested, 30 cases from 19 fish species tested positive for VHSV by tissue culture and were confirmed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Gene sequence analyses of all VHSV isolates retrieved in Michigan demonstrated that they belong to the emerging sublineage “b” of the North American VHSV genotype IV. These findings underscore the complexity of VHSV ecology in the Great Lakes basin and the critical need for rigorous legislation and regulatory guidelines in order to reduce the virus spread within and outside of the Laurentian Great Lakes watershed.
Document Type: article
File Description: electronic resource
Language: English
ISSN: 1999-4915
Relation: http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/4/5/734; https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4915
DOI: 10.3390/v4050734
Access URL: https://doaj.org/article/4fdba8383352406193b7b38c79b14cbc
Accession Number: edsdoj.4fdba8383352406193b7b38c79b14cbc
Database: Directory of Open Access Journals
More Details
ISSN:19994915
DOI:10.3390/v4050734
Published in:Viruses
Language:English