Sphingosine-1-Phosphate and Its Receptors: A Mutual Link between Blood Coagulation and Inflammation
| Title: | Sphingosine-1-Phosphate and Its Receptors: A Mutual Link between Blood Coagulation and Inflammation |
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| Authors: | Shailaja Mahajan-Thakur, Andreas Böhm, Gabriele Jedlitschky, Karsten Schrör, Bernhard H. Rauch |
| Source: | Mediators of Inflammation, Vol 2015 (2015) |
| Publisher Information: | Hindawi Limited, 2015. |
| Publication Year: | 2015 |
| Collection: | LCC:Pathology |
| Subject Terms: | Pathology, RB1-214 |
| More Details: | Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a versatile lipid signaling molecule and key regulator in vascular inflammation. S1P is secreted by platelets, monocytes, and vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. It binds specifically to a family of G-protein-coupled receptors, S1P receptors 1 to 5, resulting in downstream signaling and numerous cellular effects. S1P modulates cell proliferation and migration, and mediates proinflammatory responses and apoptosis. In the vascular barrier, S1P regulates permeability and endothelial reactions and recruitment of monocytes and may modulate atherosclerosis. Only recently has S1P emerged as a critical mediator which directly links the coagulation factor system to vascular inflammation. The multifunctional proteases thrombin and FXa regulate local S1P availability and interact with S1P signaling at multiple levels in various vascular cell types. Differential expression patterns and intracellular signaling pathways of each receptor enable S1P to exert its widespread functions. Although a vast amount of information is available about the functions of S1P and its receptors in the regulation of physiological and pathophysiological conditions, S1P-mediated mechanisms in the vasculature remain to be elucidated. This review summarizes recent findings regarding the role of S1P and its receptors in vascular wall and blood cells, which link the coagulation system to inflammatory responses in the vasculature. |
| Document Type: | article |
| File Description: | electronic resource |
| Language: | English |
| ISSN: | 0962-9351 1466-1861 |
| Relation: | https://doaj.org/toc/0962-9351; https://doaj.org/toc/1466-1861 |
| DOI: | 10.1155/2015/831059 |
| Access URL: | https://doaj.org/article/4db6e6eae99c4bdeae06847c644d6125 |
| Accession Number: | edsdoj.4db6e6eae99c4bdeae06847c644d6125 |
| Database: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
| ISSN: | 09629351 14661861 |
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| DOI: | 10.1155/2015/831059 |
| Published in: | Mediators of Inflammation |
| Language: | English |