Bibliographic Details
| Title: |
Human B cells and dendritic cells are susceptible and permissive to enterovirus D68 infection |
| Authors: |
Brigitta M. Laksono, Syriam Sooksawasdi Na Ayudhya, Muriel Aguilar-Bretones, Carmen W. E. Embregts, Gijsbert P. van Nierop, Debby van Riel |
| Source: |
mSphere, Vol 9, Iss 2 (2024) |
| Publisher Information: |
American Society for Microbiology, 2024. |
| Publication Year: |
2024 |
| Collection: |
LCC:Microbiology |
| Subject Terms: |
enterovirus D68, enterovirus, viral pathogenesis, systemic spread, extra-respiratory infection, immune cells, Microbiology, QR1-502 |
| More Details: |
ABSTRACT Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is predominantly associated with mild respiratory infections, but can also cause severe respiratory disease and extra-respiratory complications, including acute flaccid myelitis. Systemic dissemination of EV-D68 is crucial for the development of extra-respiratory diseases, but it is currently unclear how EV-D68 spreads systemically (viremia). We hypothesize that immune cells contribute to the systemic dissemination of EV-D68, as this is a mechanism commonly used by other enteroviruses. Therefore, we investigated the susceptibility and permissiveness of human primary immune cells for different EV-D68 isolates. In human peripheral blood mononuclear cells inoculated with EV-D68, only B cells were susceptible but virus replication was limited. However, in B cell-rich cultures, such as Epstein–Barr virus-transformed B-lymphoblastoid cell line (BLCL) and primary lentivirus-transduced B cells, which better represent lymphoid B cells, were productively infected. Subsequently, we showed that dendritic cells (DCs), particularly immature DCs, are susceptible and permissive for EV-D68 infection and that they can spread EV-D68 to autologous BLCL. Altogether, our findings suggest that immune cells, especially B cells and DCs, could play an important role in the pathogenesis of EV-D68 infection. Infection of these cells may contribute to systemic dissemination of EV-D68, which is an essential step toward the development of extra-respiratory complications.IMPORTANCEEnterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is an emerging respiratory virus that has caused outbreaks worldwide since 2014. EV-D68 infects primarily respiratory epithelial cells resulting in mild respiratory diseases. However, EV-D68 infection is also associated with extra-respiratory complications, including polio-like paralysis. It is unclear how EV-D68 spreads systemically and infects other organs. We hypothesized that immune cells could play a role in the extra-respiratory spread of EV-D68. We showed that EV-D68 can infect and replicate in specific immune cells, that is, B cells and dendritic cells (DCs), and that virus could be transferred from DCs to B cells. Our data reveal a potential role of immune cells in the pathogenesis of EV-D68 infection. Intervention strategies that prevent EV-D68 infection of immune cells will therefore potentially prevent systemic spread of virus and thereby severe extra-respiratory complications. |
| Document Type: |
article |
| File Description: |
electronic resource |
| Language: |
English |
| ISSN: |
2379-5042 |
| Relation: |
https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5042 |
| DOI: |
10.1128/msphere.00526-23 |
| Access URL: |
https://doaj.org/article/4aefe32870c84e29b26d938401a1af9c |
| Accession Number: |
edsdoj.4aefe32870c84e29b26d938401a1af9c |
| Database: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
