Evaluating programmatic reactive focal drug administration impact on malaria incidence in northern Senegal: an interrupted time series analysis

Bibliographic Details
Title: Evaluating programmatic reactive focal drug administration impact on malaria incidence in northern Senegal: an interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Ellen Leah Ferriss, Yakou Dieye, Moustapha Cissé, Gnagna Dieng Sow, Jean Louis Lankia, Damien Diedhiou, Abiboulaye Sall, Tamba Souane, Tidiane Thiam, Doudou Sene, Elhadji Doucouré, Ibrahima Diallo, Adam Bennett, Caterina Guinovart
Source: Malaria Journal, Vol 24, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2025)
Publisher Information: BMC, 2025.
Publication Year: 2025
Collection: LCC:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
LCC:Infectious and parasitic diseases
Subject Terms: Malaria, Reactive focal drug administration, RFDA, Elimination, Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, RC955-962, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
More Details: Abstract Background The World Health Organization conditionally recommends reactive drug administration to reduce malaria transmission in settings approaching elimination. However, few studies have evaluated the impact of reactive focal drug administration (rFDA) in sub-Saharan Africa, and none have evaluated it under programmatic conditions. In 2016, Senegal’s national malaria control programme introduced rFDA, the presumptive treatment of compound members of a person with confirmed malaria, and reactive mass focal drug administration (rMFDA), an expanded effort including neighbouring compounds during an outbreak, in 10 low transmission districts in the north of the country. This evaluation sought to measure the impact of rFDA and rMFDA on malaria incidence. Methods An interrupted time series analysis was conducted with routine surveillance data on health post-level monthly confirmed malaria case counts from the District Health Information Software (DHIS2). The study evaluated the change in incidence following rFDA and rMFDA rollout (level change), which ranged from August 2016 to November 2019, and monthly thereafter (trend change), using an adjusted negative binomial regression model with data from January 2015 through January 2020. The model was used to estimate the number of cases averted via a counterfactual simulation. Results No incidence rate reductions were estimated immediately following rollout (level change: incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 1.00, 95% credible interval (CI) = 0.76, 1.33). However, rFDA and rMFDA were associated with a 4% monthly decline in incidence relative to the baseline trend (trend change: IRR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.95, 0.98). Over the study period, RFDA and rMFDA were estimated to avert 2,070 (95% CI = 577, 4,367) of 4,108 (95% CI = 2,620, 6,425) malaria cases. Conclusions RFDA and rMFDA were associated with reduced malaria incidence in northern Senegal, supporting their use in malaria control in very low transmission areas. However, additional strategies are likely needed to achieve elimination in this setting.
Document Type: article
File Description: electronic resource
Language: English
ISSN: 1475-2875
Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875
DOI: 10.1186/s12936-025-05245-5
Access URL: https://doaj.org/article/336f71108f2b41b782759ba321477a56
Accession Number: edsdoj.336f71108f2b41b782759ba321477a56
Database: Directory of Open Access Journals
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More Details
ISSN:14752875
DOI:10.1186/s12936-025-05245-5
Published in:Malaria Journal
Language:English