Bibliographic Details
| Title: |
Immunomodulatory properties of morphine and the hypothesised role of long-term opioid use in the immunopathogenesis of tuberculosis |
| Authors: |
Vipula R. Bataduwaarachchi, SMN Hansanie, Neesha Rockwood, Leon Gerard D'Cruz |
| Source: |
Frontiers in Immunology, Vol 14 (2023) |
| Publisher Information: |
Frontiers Media S.A., 2023. |
| Publication Year: |
2023 |
| Collection: |
LCC:Immunologic diseases. Allergy |
| Subject Terms: |
immunopathogenesis of tuberculosis, morphine, opioids, opioid receptors, toll-like receptors, immunosuppression, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607 |
| More Details: |
Epidemiological studies have shown high tuberculosis (TB) prevalence among chronic opioid users. Opioid receptors are found on multiple immune cells and immunomodulatory properties of opioids could be a contributory factor for ensuing immunosuppression and development or reactivation of TB. Toll-like receptors (TLR) mediate an immune response against microbial pathogens, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mycobacterial antigens and opioids co-stimulate TLRs 2/4/9 in immune cells, with resulting receptor cross-talk via multiple cytosolic secondary messengers, leading to significant immunomodulatory downstream effects. Blockade of specific immune pathways involved in the host defence against TB by morphine may play a critical role in causing tuberculosis among chronic morphine users despite multiple confounding factors such as socioeconomic deprivation, Human immunodeficiency virus co-infection and malnutrition. In this review, we map out immune pathways involved when immune cells are co-stimulated with mycobacterial antigens and morphine to explore a potential immunopathological basis for TB amongst long-term opioid users. |
| Document Type: |
article |
| File Description: |
electronic resource |
| Language: |
English |
| ISSN: |
1664-3224 |
| Relation: |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1265511/full; https://doaj.org/toc/1664-3224 |
| DOI: |
10.3389/fimmu.2023.1265511 |
| Access URL: |
https://doaj.org/article/2e52376047594a6bbdf68c04f38ea660 |
| Accession Number: |
edsdoj.2e52376047594a6bbdf68c04f38ea660 |
| Database: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
