Bibliographic Details
| Title: |
A Short Series of Case Reports of COVID-19 in Immunocompromised Patients |
| Authors: |
Mitali Mishra, Aleena Zahra, Lokendra V. Chauhan, Riddhi Thakkar, James Ng, Shreyas Joshi, Eric D. Spitzer, Luis A. Marcos, W. Ian Lipkin, Nischay Mishra |
| Source: |
Viruses, Vol 14, Iss 5, p 934 (2022) |
| Publisher Information: |
MDPI AG, 2022. |
| Publication Year: |
2022 |
| Collection: |
LCC:Microbiology |
| Subject Terms: |
COVID-19, immunocompromised, SARS-CoV-2, infection, immune response, Microbiology, QR1-502 |
| More Details: |
Immunocompromised individuals are at risk of prolonged SARS-CoV-2 infection due to weaker immunity, co-morbidities, and lowered vaccine effectiveness, which may evolve highly mutated variants of SARS-CoV-2. Nonetheless, limited data are available on the immune responses elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection, reinfections, and vaccinations with emerging variants in immunocompromised patients. We analyzed clinical samples that were opportunistically collected from eight immunocompromised individuals for mutations in SARS-CoV-2 genomes, neutralizing antibody (NAb) titers against different SARS-CoV-2 variants, and the identification of immunoreactive epitopes using a high-throughput coronavirus peptide array. The viral genome analysis revealed two SARS-CoV-2 variants (20A from a deceased patient and an Alpha variant from a recovered patient) with an eight amino-acid (aa) deletion within the N-terminal domain (NTD) of the surface glycoprotein. A higher NAb titer was present against the prototypic USA/WA1/2020 strain in vaccinated immunocompromised patients. NAb titer was absent against the Omicron variant and the cultured virus of the 20A variant with eight aa deletions in non-vaccinated patients. Our data suggest that fatal SARS-CoV-2 infections may occur in immunocompromised individuals even with high titers of NAb post-vaccination. Moreover, persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection may lead to the emergence of newer variants with additional mutations favoring the survival and fitness of the pathogen that include deletions in NAb binding sites in the SARS-CoV-2 surface glycoprotein. |
| Document Type: |
article |
| File Description: |
electronic resource |
| Language: |
English |
| ISSN: |
1999-4915 |
| Relation: |
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/5/934; https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4915 |
| DOI: |
10.3390/v14050934 |
| Access URL: |
https://doaj.org/article/2a45632e455241398f8632661218cb55 |
| Accession Number: |
edsdoj.2a45632e455241398f8632661218cb55 |
| Database: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
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