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Unraveling the mechanisms underlying pulse dynamics of soil respiration in tropical dry forests

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Title: Unraveling the mechanisms underlying pulse dynamics of soil respiration in tropical dry forests
Authors: Bonnie G Waring, Jennifer S Powers
Source: Environmental Research Letters, Vol 11, Iss 10, p 105005 (2016)
Publisher Information: IOP Publishing, 2016.
Publication Year: 2016
Collection: LCC:Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
LCC:Environmental sciences
LCC:Science
LCC:Physics
Subject Terms: Birch effect, precipitation, seasonality, soil carbon, tropical dry forest, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Science, Physics, QC1-999
More Details: Tropical dry forests are already undergoing changes in the quantity and timing of rainfall, but there is great uncertainty over how these shifts will affect belowground carbon (C) cycling. While it has long been known that dry soils quickly release carbon dioxide (CO _2 ) upon rewetting, the mechanisms underlying the so-called ‘Birch effect’ are still debated. Here, we quantified soil respiration pulses and their biotic predictors in response to simulated precipitation events in a regenerating tropical dry forest in Costa Rica. We also simulated the observed rewetting CO _2 pulses with two soil carbon models: a conventional model assuming first-order decay rates of soil organic matter, and an enzyme-catalyzed model with Michaelis–Menten kinetics. We found that rewetting of dry soils produced an immediate and dramatic pulse of CO _2 , accompanied by rapid immobilization of nitrogen into the microbial biomass. However, the magnitude of the rewetting CO _2 pulse was highly variable at fine spatial scales, and was well correlated with the size of the dissolved organic C pool prior to rewetting. Both the enzyme-catalyzed and conventional models were able to reproduce the Birch effect when respiration was coupled directly to microbial C uptake, although models differed in their ability to yield realistic estimates of SOC and microbial biomass pool sizes and dynamics. Our results suggest that changes in the timing and intensity of rainfall events in tropical dry forests will exert strong influence on ecosystem C balance by affecting the dynamics of microbial biomass growth.
Document Type: article
File Description: electronic resource
Language: English
ISSN: 1748-9326
Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/1748-9326
DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/11/10/105005
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Accession Number: edsdoj.1a294887f864bbd8aabd3deafd5bb5c
Database: Directory of Open Access Journals
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  Data: Unraveling the mechanisms underlying pulse dynamics of soil respiration in tropical dry forests
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  Data: Environmental Research Letters, Vol 11, Iss 10, p 105005 (2016)
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  Data: IOP Publishing, 2016.
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  Data: Tropical dry forests are already undergoing changes in the quantity and timing of rainfall, but there is great uncertainty over how these shifts will affect belowground carbon (C) cycling. While it has long been known that dry soils quickly release carbon dioxide (CO _2 ) upon rewetting, the mechanisms underlying the so-called ‘Birch effect’ are still debated. Here, we quantified soil respiration pulses and their biotic predictors in response to simulated precipitation events in a regenerating tropical dry forest in Costa Rica. We also simulated the observed rewetting CO _2 pulses with two soil carbon models: a conventional model assuming first-order decay rates of soil organic matter, and an enzyme-catalyzed model with Michaelis–Menten kinetics. We found that rewetting of dry soils produced an immediate and dramatic pulse of CO _2 , accompanied by rapid immobilization of nitrogen into the microbial biomass. However, the magnitude of the rewetting CO _2 pulse was highly variable at fine spatial scales, and was well correlated with the size of the dissolved organic C pool prior to rewetting. Both the enzyme-catalyzed and conventional models were able to reproduce the Birch effect when respiration was coupled directly to microbial C uptake, although models differed in their ability to yield realistic estimates of SOC and microbial biomass pool sizes and dynamics. Our results suggest that changes in the timing and intensity of rainfall events in tropical dry forests will exert strong influence on ecosystem C balance by affecting the dynamics of microbial biomass growth.
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: precipitation
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      – SubjectFull: seasonality
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: soil carbon
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