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Research on the ecological–economic effects of combined planting–breeding modes: a case study of Zizania latifolia–shelduck in China

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Title: Research on the ecological–economic effects of combined planting–breeding modes: a case study of Zizania latifolia–shelduck in China
Authors: Wangtengfei Teng, Lidan Xu, Zhidong Li, Moucheng Liu, Didi Rao, Qi Wan
Source: Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Vol 9 (2025)
Publisher Information: Frontiers Media S.A., 2025.
Publication Year: 2025
Collection: LCC:Nutrition. Foods and food supply
LCC:Food processing and manufacture
Subject Terms: ecological agriculture, combined planting–breeding modes, agricultural carbon footprint, agricultural heritage, ecological compensation, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641, Food processing and manufacture, TP368-456
More Details: In the context of global climate change, it is crucial to adopt ecologically sound production practices to promote sustainable agricultural development. Combined rice–fish, rice–crab, and Zizania latifolia (ZL)–shelduck modes are increasingly advocated by scholars because of the complex farmland landscapes and environmentally friendly nutrient cycles associated with these modes. In this study, a comprehensive evaluation of the ecological–economic benefits of a combined planting–breeding system in Jinyun, Zhejiang, China, was conducted via life cycle assessment (LCA) and cost–benefit analysis on the basis of literature review and field research data. The following results were obtained. (1) The single-season total carbon footprint for the combined ZL–shelduck planting–breeding mode was 4062.19 kg CO2 eq/ha, whereas it was 4553.32 kg CO2 eq/ha for the ZL monoculture mode. Compared with those of the ZL monoculture mode, the carbon emissions of the combined ZL–shelduck mode decreased by 10.79%, with agricultural inputs identified as the primary source of carbon emissions for both modes. (2) The net ecological and economic benefits of the combined planting–breeding mode and the monoculture mode were 102,482.26 yuan/ha and 70,423.60 yuan/ha, respectively. Compared with those of the ZL monoculture mode, the net benefits significantly increased by 45.52% in the combined planting–breeding mode. Notably, the sale of shelduck products and reductions in agricultural inputs and labor costs were important factors leading to the income gap between the two types of modes. This study not only provides a quantitative evaluation of the comprehensive ecological–economic benefits of different agricultural production modes but also serves as an important reference for the introduction of relevant ecological compensation policies and the promotion of production and ecological win–win in the future.
Document Type: article
File Description: electronic resource
Language: English
ISSN: 2571-581X
Relation: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2025.1481149/full; https://doaj.org/toc/2571-581X
DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2025.1481149
Access URL: https://doaj.org/article/0c93fbebad8e49a0b1023505ab0d0dee
Accession Number: edsdoj.0c93fbebad8e49a0b1023505ab0d0dee
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  Data: Research on the ecological–economic effects of combined planting–breeding modes: a case study of Zizania latifolia–shelduck in China
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wangtengfei+Teng%22">Wangtengfei Teng</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lidan+Xu%22">Lidan Xu</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhidong+Li%22">Zhidong Li</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Moucheng+Liu%22">Moucheng Liu</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Didi+Rao%22">Didi Rao</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Qi+Wan%22">Qi Wan</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22ecological+agriculture%22">ecological agriculture</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22combined+planting–breeding+modes%22">combined planting–breeding modes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22agricultural+carbon+footprint%22">agricultural carbon footprint</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22agricultural+heritage%22">agricultural heritage</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22ecological+compensation%22">ecological compensation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nutrition%2E+Foods+and+food+supply%22">Nutrition. Foods and food supply</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22TX341-641%22">TX341-641</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Food+processing+and+manufacture%22">Food processing and manufacture</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22TP368-456%22">TP368-456</searchLink>
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  Label: Description
  Group: Ab
  Data: In the context of global climate change, it is crucial to adopt ecologically sound production practices to promote sustainable agricultural development. Combined rice–fish, rice–crab, and Zizania latifolia (ZL)–shelduck modes are increasingly advocated by scholars because of the complex farmland landscapes and environmentally friendly nutrient cycles associated with these modes. In this study, a comprehensive evaluation of the ecological–economic benefits of a combined planting–breeding system in Jinyun, Zhejiang, China, was conducted via life cycle assessment (LCA) and cost–benefit analysis on the basis of literature review and field research data. The following results were obtained. (1) The single-season total carbon footprint for the combined ZL–shelduck planting–breeding mode was 4062.19 kg CO2 eq/ha, whereas it was 4553.32 kg CO2 eq/ha for the ZL monoculture mode. Compared with those of the ZL monoculture mode, the carbon emissions of the combined ZL–shelduck mode decreased by 10.79%, with agricultural inputs identified as the primary source of carbon emissions for both modes. (2) The net ecological and economic benefits of the combined planting–breeding mode and the monoculture mode were 102,482.26 yuan/ha and 70,423.60 yuan/ha, respectively. Compared with those of the ZL monoculture mode, the net benefits significantly increased by 45.52% in the combined planting–breeding mode. Notably, the sale of shelduck products and reductions in agricultural inputs and labor costs were important factors leading to the income gap between the two types of modes. This study not only provides a quantitative evaluation of the comprehensive ecological–economic benefits of different agricultural production modes but also serves as an important reference for the introduction of relevant ecological compensation policies and the promotion of production and ecological win–win in the future.
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        Value: 10.3389/fsufs.2025.1481149
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      – Text: English
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: ecological agriculture
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: combined planting–breeding modes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: agricultural carbon footprint
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: agricultural heritage
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      – SubjectFull: ecological compensation
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      – SubjectFull: Nutrition. Foods and food supply
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      – SubjectFull: TX341-641
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      – TitleFull: Research on the ecological–economic effects of combined planting–breeding modes: a case study of Zizania latifolia–shelduck in China
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