Academic Journal
Male genitourinary schistosomiasis-related symptoms among long-term Western African migrants in Spain: a prospective population-based screening study
| Title: | Male genitourinary schistosomiasis-related symptoms among long-term Western African migrants in Spain: a prospective population-based screening study |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Sílvia Roure, Xavier Vallès, Olga Pérez-Quílez, Israel López-Muñoz, Anna Chamorro, Elena Abad, Lluís Valerio, Laura Soldevila, Sergio España, Alaa H. A. Hegazy, Gema Fernández-Rivas, Ester Gorriz, Dolores Herena, Mário Oliveira, Maria Carme Miralles, Carmen Conde, Juan José Montero-Alia, Elia Fernández-Pedregal, Jose Miranda-Sánchez, Josep M. Llibre, Mar Isnard, Josep Maria Bonet, Oriol Estrada, Núria Prat, Bonaventura Clotet, The Schisto-Stop study group |
| Source: | Infectious Diseases of Poverty, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2024) |
| Publisher Information: | BMC, 2024. |
| Publication Year: | 2024 |
| Collection: | LCC:Infectious and parasitic diseases LCC:Public aspects of medicine |
| Subject Terms: | Schistosomiasis, Chronic schistosomiasis, Urogenital schistosomiasis, Male genital schistosomiasis, Long-term migrant, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270 |
| More Details: | Abstract Background Schistosomiasis is highly endemic in sub-Saharan Africa and frequently imported to Europe. Male urogenital manifestations are often neglected. We aimed to ascertain the prevalence of genitourinary clinical signs and symptoms among long-term African migrants in a non-endemic European country using a serology test. Methods We carried out a prospective, community-based cross-sectional study of adult male migrants from sub-Saharan Africa living in Spain. Schistosoma serology tests and microscopic urine examinations were carried out, and clinical data were obtained from an electronic medical record search and a structured questionnaire. Results We included 388 adult males, mean age 43.5 years [Standard Deviation (SD) = 12.0, range: 18–76]. The median time since migration to the European Union was 17 [Interquartile range (IQR): 11–21] years. The most frequent country of origin was Senegal (N = 179, 46.1%). Of the 338, 147 (37.6%) tested positive for Schistosoma. Parasite eggs were present in the urine of only 1.3%. Nine genitourinary clinical items were significantly associated with positive Schistosoma serology results: pelvic pain (45.2%; OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.0–2.4), pain on ejaculation (14.5%; OR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.0–3.5), dyspareunia (12.4%; OR = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.2–5.2), erectile dysfunction (9.5%; OR = 3.10, 95% CI: 1.3–7.6), self-reported episodes of infertility (32.1%; OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.0–2.8), haematuria (55.2%; OR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.5–3.6), dysuria (52.1%; OR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.3–3.1), undiagnosed syndromic STIs (5.4%), and orchitis (20.7%; OR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.0–3.1). Clinical signs tended to cluster. Conclusions Urogenital clinical signs and symptoms are prevalent among male African long-term migrants with a positive Schistosoma serology results. Genital involvement can be frequent even among those with long periods of non-residence in their sub-Saharan African countries of origin. Further research is needed to develop diagnostic tools and validate therapeutic approaches to chronic schistosomiasis. Graphical Abstract |
| Document Type: | article |
| File Description: | electronic resource |
| Language: | English |
| ISSN: | 2049-9957 |
| Relation: | https://doaj.org/toc/2049-9957 |
| DOI: | 10.1186/s40249-024-01190-8 |
| Access URL: | https://doaj.org/article/052be4292dd045208e9c208b34c1b5f0 |
| Accession Number: | edsdoj.052be4292dd045208e9c208b34c1b5f0 |
| Database: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
| ISSN: | 20499957 |
|---|---|
| DOI: | 10.1186/s40249-024-01190-8 |
| Published in: | Infectious Diseases of Poverty |
| Language: | English |