SafePowerGraph-LLM: Novel Power Grid Graph Embedding and Optimization with Large Language Models

Bibliographic Details
Title: SafePowerGraph-LLM: Novel Power Grid Graph Embedding and Optimization with Large Language Models
Authors: Bernier, Fabien, Cao, Jun, Cordy, Maxime, Ghamizi, Salah
Publication Year: 2025
Collection: Computer Science
Subject Terms: Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
More Details: Efficiently solving Optimal Power Flow (OPF) problems in power systems is crucial for operational planning and grid management. There is a growing need for scalable algorithms capable of handling the increasing variability, constraints, and uncertainties in modern power networks while providing accurate and fast solutions. To address this, machine learning techniques, particularly Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as promising approaches. This letter introduces SafePowerGraph-LLM, the first framework explicitly designed for solving OPF problems using Large Language Models (LLM)s. The proposed approach combines graph and tabular representations of power grids to effectively query LLMs, capturing the complex relationships and constraints in power systems. A new implementation of in-context learning and fine-tuning protocols for LLMs is introduced, tailored specifically for the OPF problem. SafePowerGraph-LLM demonstrates reliable performances using off-the-shelf LLM. Our study reveals the impact of LLM architecture, size, and fine-tuning and demonstrates our framework's ability to handle realistic grid components and constraints.
Document Type: Working Paper
Access URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2501.07639
Accession Number: edsarx.2501.07639
Database: arXiv
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bernier%2C+Fabien%22">Bernier, Fabien</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cao%2C+Jun%22">Cao, Jun</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cordy%2C+Maxime%22">Cordy, Maxime</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ghamizi%2C+Salah%22">Ghamizi, Salah</searchLink>
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  Data: Efficiently solving Optimal Power Flow (OPF) problems in power systems is crucial for operational planning and grid management. There is a growing need for scalable algorithms capable of handling the increasing variability, constraints, and uncertainties in modern power networks while providing accurate and fast solutions. To address this, machine learning techniques, particularly Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as promising approaches. This letter introduces SafePowerGraph-LLM, the first framework explicitly designed for solving OPF problems using Large Language Models (LLM)s. The proposed approach combines graph and tabular representations of power grids to effectively query LLMs, capturing the complex relationships and constraints in power systems. A new implementation of in-context learning and fine-tuning protocols for LLMs is introduced, tailored specifically for the OPF problem. SafePowerGraph-LLM demonstrates reliable performances using off-the-shelf LLM. Our study reveals the impact of LLM architecture, size, and fine-tuning and demonstrates our framework's ability to handle realistic grid components and constraints.
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      – TitleFull: SafePowerGraph-LLM: Novel Power Grid Graph Embedding and Optimization with Large Language Models
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            NameFull: Cao, Jun
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