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The Curious Case of Twin Fast Radio Bursts: Evidence for Neutron Star Origin?

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Title: The Curious Case of Twin Fast Radio Bursts: Evidence for Neutron Star Origin?
Authors: Bera, Apurba, James, Clancy W., Deller, Adam T., Bannister, Keith W., Shannon, Ryan M., Scott, Danica R., Gourdji, Kelly, Marnoch, Lachlan, Glowacki, Marcin, Ekers, Ronald D., Ryder, Stuart D., Dial, Tyson
Publication Year: 2024
Collection: Astrophysics
Subject Terms: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
More Details: Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are brilliant short-duration flashes of radio emission originating at cosmological distances. The vast diversity in the properties of currently known FRBs, and the fleeting nature of these events make it difficult to understand their progenitors and emission mechanism(s). Here we report high time resolution polarization properties of FRB 20210912A, a highly energetic event detected by the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) in the Commensal Real-time ASKAP Fast Transients (CRAFT) survey, which show intra-burst PA variation similar to Galactic pulsars and unusual variation of Faraday Rotation Measure (RM) across its two sub-bursts. The observed intra-burst PA variation and apparent RM variation pattern in FRB 20210912A may be explained by a rapidly-spinning neutron star origin, with rest-frame spin periods of ~1.1 ms. This rotation timescale is comparable to the shortest known rotation period of a pulsar, and close to the shortest possible rotation period of a neutron star. Curiously, FRB 20210912A exhibits a remarkable resemblance with the previously reported FRB 20181112A, including similar rest-frame emission timescales and polarization profiles. These observations suggest that these two FRBs may have similar origins.
Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Document Type: Working Paper
DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ad5966
Access URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2406.13704
Accession Number: edsarx.2406.13704
Database: arXiv
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  Data: The Curious Case of Twin Fast Radio Bursts: Evidence for Neutron Star Origin?
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bera%2C+Apurba%22">Bera, Apurba</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22James%2C+Clancy+W%2E%22">James, Clancy W.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Deller%2C+Adam+T%2E%22">Deller, Adam T.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bannister%2C+Keith+W%2E%22">Bannister, Keith W.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shannon%2C+Ryan+M%2E%22">Shannon, Ryan M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Scott%2C+Danica+R%2E%22">Scott, Danica R.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gourdji%2C+Kelly%22">Gourdji, Kelly</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Marnoch%2C+Lachlan%22">Marnoch, Lachlan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Glowacki%2C+Marcin%22">Glowacki, Marcin</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ekers%2C+Ronald+D%2E%22">Ekers, Ronald D.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ryder%2C+Stuart+D%2E%22">Ryder, Stuart D.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dial%2C+Tyson%22">Dial, Tyson</searchLink>
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  Data: Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are brilliant short-duration flashes of radio emission originating at cosmological distances. The vast diversity in the properties of currently known FRBs, and the fleeting nature of these events make it difficult to understand their progenitors and emission mechanism(s). Here we report high time resolution polarization properties of FRB 20210912A, a highly energetic event detected by the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) in the Commensal Real-time ASKAP Fast Transients (CRAFT) survey, which show intra-burst PA variation similar to Galactic pulsars and unusual variation of Faraday Rotation Measure (RM) across its two sub-bursts. The observed intra-burst PA variation and apparent RM variation pattern in FRB 20210912A may be explained by a rapidly-spinning neutron star origin, with rest-frame spin periods of ~1.1 ms. This rotation timescale is comparable to the shortest known rotation period of a pulsar, and close to the shortest possible rotation period of a neutron star. Curiously, FRB 20210912A exhibits a remarkable resemblance with the previously reported FRB 20181112A, including similar rest-frame emission timescales and polarization profiles. These observations suggest that these two FRBs may have similar origins.<br />Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
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