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Rotational and rotational-vibrational Raman spectroscopy of air to characterize astronomical spectrographs

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Title: Rotational and rotational-vibrational Raman spectroscopy of air to characterize astronomical spectrographs
Authors: Vogt, F. P. A., Kerber, F., Mehner, A., Yu, S., Pfrommer, T., Curto, G. Lo, Figueira, P., Parraguez, D., Pepe, F. A., Mégevand, D., Riva, M., Di Marcantonio, P., Lovis, C., Amate, M., Molaro, P., Cabral, A., Osorio, M. R. Zapatero
Publication Year: 2019
Collection: Astrophysics
Physics (Other)
Subject Terms: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
More Details: Raman scattering enables unforeseen uses for the laser guide-star system of the Very Large Telescope. Here, we present the observation of one up-link sodium laser beam acquired with the ESPRESSO spectrograph at a resolution $\lambda/\Delta\lambda \sim 140'000$. In 900s on-source, we detect the pure rotational Raman lines of $^{16}$O$_2$, $^{14}$N$_2$, and $^{14}$N$^{15}$N (tentatively) up to rotational quantum numbers $J$ of 27, 24, and 9, respectively. We detect the $^{16}$O$_2$ fine-structure lines induced by the interaction of the electronic spin \textbf{S} and end-over-end rotational angular momentum \textbf{N} in the electronic ground state of this molecule up to $N=9$. The same spectrum also reveals the $\nu_{1\leftarrow0}$ rotational-vibrational Q-branch for $^{16}$O$_2$ and $^{14}$N$_2$. These observations demonstrate the potential of using laser guide-star systems as accurate calibration sources for characterizing new astronomical spectrographs.
Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Document Type: Working Paper
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.061101
Access URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/1907.05897
Accession Number: edsarx.1907.05897
Database: arXiv
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  Data: Rotational and rotational-vibrational Raman spectroscopy of air to characterize astronomical spectrographs
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vogt%2C+F%2E+P%2E+A%2E%22">Vogt, F. P. A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kerber%2C+F%2E%22">Kerber, F.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mehner%2C+A%2E%22">Mehner, A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yu%2C+S%2E%22">Yu, S.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pfrommer%2C+T%2E%22">Pfrommer, T.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Curto%2C+G%2E+Lo%22">Curto, G. Lo</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Figueira%2C+P%2E%22">Figueira, P.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Parraguez%2C+D%2E%22">Parraguez, D.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pepe%2C+F%2E+A%2E%22">Pepe, F. A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mégevand%2C+D%2E%22">Mégevand, D.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Riva%2C+M%2E%22">Riva, M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Di+Marcantonio%2C+P%2E%22">Di Marcantonio, P.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lovis%2C+C%2E%22">Lovis, C.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Amate%2C+M%2E%22">Amate, M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Molaro%2C+P%2E%22">Molaro, P.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cabral%2C+A%2E%22">Cabral, A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Osorio%2C+M%2E+R%2E+Zapatero%22">Osorio, M. R. Zapatero</searchLink>
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  Data: Raman scattering enables unforeseen uses for the laser guide-star system of the Very Large Telescope. Here, we present the observation of one up-link sodium laser beam acquired with the ESPRESSO spectrograph at a resolution $\lambda/\Delta\lambda \sim 140'000$. In 900s on-source, we detect the pure rotational Raman lines of $^{16}$O$_2$, $^{14}$N$_2$, and $^{14}$N$^{15}$N (tentatively) up to rotational quantum numbers $J$ of 27, 24, and 9, respectively. We detect the $^{16}$O$_2$ fine-structure lines induced by the interaction of the electronic spin \textbf{S} and end-over-end rotational angular momentum \textbf{N} in the electronic ground state of this molecule up to $N=9$. The same spectrum also reveals the $\nu_{1\leftarrow0}$ rotational-vibrational Q-branch for $^{16}$O$_2$ and $^{14}$N$_2$. These observations demonstrate the potential of using laser guide-star systems as accurate calibration sources for characterizing new astronomical spectrographs.<br />Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
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      – SubjectFull: Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
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