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Investigating the internal erosion behavior and microscopic mechanisms of chemically stabilized soil: an experimental study.

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Title: Investigating the internal erosion behavior and microscopic mechanisms of chemically stabilized soil: an experimental study.
Authors: Zhang, Buping, Zhu, Xinghua, Tao, Xuewen, Wang, Mengkui, Asghar, Aamir, Mi, Guoliang, Duan, Zhao, Wei, Xin
Source: Frontiers in Earth Science; 2024, p1-14, 14p
Subject Terms: WATER pipelines, SANDY soils, SCANNING electron microscopes, WATER leakage, SOIL particles
Abstract: Introduction: Internal erosion triggered by water pipeline leaks seriously threatens the stability of the urban ground. Hangzhou, a city in Zhejiang Province, China, is facing critical challenges due to urban ground collapse (UGC) caused by internal erosion. However, there is a lack of research on the prevention of UGC by improving the internal erodibility of underground soil. Addressing this issue is of utmost importance to ensure the city's stability and safety. This paper proposes to improve the internal erodibility of typical sandy silt soils with chemical stabilisers. Methods: The effects of three chemical stabilisers, lignosulphonate (LS), lime (LI), and lignin fibre (LF), on the critical shear stress (rc) and erosion coefficient (kd) of sandy silt soils were investigated, which from Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, by the hole erosion test (HET) at different mixing amounts and at different conservation times. Results: The findings indicate that LF mainly improves the erosion resistance of sandy silt by increasing rc, and the maximum increase is 2.38 times; LI mainly improves the erosion resistance by decreasing kd, and the maximum decrease is 2.18 times. After adding LS, rc and kd did not change significantly. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) test revealed that the inclusion of LF led to the formation of larger agglomerates in the sandy silt soil. The microstructure of sandy silt soil remained dispersed even after adding LS. Various chemical stabilisers used to improve sandy silt soils exhibited distinct erosion mechanisms. Sandy silt soils improved with LF exfoliated into agglomerates, displaying high resistance to erosion. On the other hand, the sandy silt treated with LF still lacks a protective layer and shows minimal improvements in its ability to withstand erosion. In contrast, the LS-amended sandy silt remains stripped with individual soil particles with insignificant changes in erosion resistance. Discussion: This study can provide a conceptual framework for choosing foundation treatment techniques in future urban development projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Frontiers in Earth Science is the property of Frontiers Media S.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Investigating the internal erosion behavior and microscopic mechanisms of chemically stabilized soil: an experimental study.
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  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Buping%22">Zhang, Buping</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhu%2C+Xinghua%22">Zhu, Xinghua</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tao%2C+Xuewen%22">Tao, Xuewen</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Mengkui%22">Wang, Mengkui</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Asghar%2C+Aamir%22">Asghar, Aamir</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mi%2C+Guoliang%22">Mi, Guoliang</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Duan%2C+Zhao%22">Duan, Zhao</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wei%2C+Xin%22">Wei, Xin</searchLink>
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  Data: Frontiers in Earth Science; 2024, p1-14, 14p
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22WATER+pipelines%22">WATER pipelines</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22SANDY+soils%22">SANDY soils</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22SCANNING+electron+microscopes%22">SCANNING electron microscopes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22WATER+leakage%22">WATER leakage</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22SOIL+particles%22">SOIL particles</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Introduction: Internal erosion triggered by water pipeline leaks seriously threatens the stability of the urban ground. Hangzhou, a city in Zhejiang Province, China, is facing critical challenges due to urban ground collapse (UGC) caused by internal erosion. However, there is a lack of research on the prevention of UGC by improving the internal erodibility of underground soil. Addressing this issue is of utmost importance to ensure the city's stability and safety. This paper proposes to improve the internal erodibility of typical sandy silt soils with chemical stabilisers. Methods: The effects of three chemical stabilisers, lignosulphonate (LS), lime (LI), and lignin fibre (LF), on the critical shear stress (r<subscript>c</subscript>) and erosion coefficient (k<subscript>d</subscript>) of sandy silt soils were investigated, which from Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, by the hole erosion test (HET) at different mixing amounts and at different conservation times. Results: The findings indicate that LF mainly improves the erosion resistance of sandy silt by increasing r<subscript>c</subscript>, and the maximum increase is 2.38 times; LI mainly improves the erosion resistance by decreasing k<subscript>d</subscript>, and the maximum decrease is 2.18 times. After adding LS, r<subscript>c</subscript> and k<subscript>d</subscript> did not change significantly. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) test revealed that the inclusion of LF led to the formation of larger agglomerates in the sandy silt soil. The microstructure of sandy silt soil remained dispersed even after adding LS. Various chemical stabilisers used to improve sandy silt soils exhibited distinct erosion mechanisms. Sandy silt soils improved with LF exfoliated into agglomerates, displaying high resistance to erosion. On the other hand, the sandy silt treated with LF still lacks a protective layer and shows minimal improvements in its ability to withstand erosion. In contrast, the LS-amended sandy silt remains stripped with individual soil particles with insignificant changes in erosion resistance. Discussion: This study can provide a conceptual framework for choosing foundation treatment techniques in future urban development projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Frontiers in Earth Science is the property of Frontiers Media S.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.3389/feart.2024.1452449
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 14
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      – SubjectFull: WATER pipelines
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: SANDY soils
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: SCANNING electron microscopes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: WATER leakage
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: SOIL particles
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      – TitleFull: Investigating the internal erosion behavior and microscopic mechanisms of chemically stabilized soil: an experimental study.
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            NameFull: Zhang, Buping
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              Text: 2024
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