Bibliographic Details
| Title: |
Reanalysis of NOAA H2 observations: implications for the H2 budget. |
| Authors: |
Paulot, Fabien, Pétron, Gabrielle, Crotwell, Andrew M., Bertagni, Matteo B. |
| Source: |
Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics; 2024, Vol. 24 Issue 7, p4217-4229, 13p |
| Subject Terms: |
SNOW cover, ALTERNATIVE fuels, MOLE fraction, SOIL temperature, AIR sampling, SNOW removal |
| Company/Entity: |
UNITED States. National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration |
| Abstract: |
Hydrogen (H2) is a promising low-carbon alternative to fossil fuels for many applications. However, significant gaps in our understanding of the atmospheric H2 budget limit our ability to predict the impacts of greater H2 usage. Here we use NOAA H 2 dry air mole fraction observations from air samples collected from ground-based and ship platforms during 2010–2019 to evaluate the representation of H 2 in the NOAA GFDL-AM4.1 atmospheric chemistry-climate model. We find that the base model configuration captures the observed interhemispheric gradient well but underestimates the surface concentration of H2 by about 10 ppb. Additionally, the model fails to reproduce the 1–2 ppb yr -1 mean increase in surface H 2 observed at background stations. We show that the cause is most likely an underestimation of current anthropogenic emissions, including potential leakages from H 2 -producing facilities. We also show that changes in soil moisture, soil temperature, and snow cover have most likely caused an increase in the magnitude of the soil sink, the most important removal mechanism for atmospheric H2 , especially in the Northern Hemisphere. However, there remains uncertainty due to fundamental gaps in our understanding of H 2 soil removal, such as the minimum moisture required for H 2 soil uptake, for which we performed extensive sensitivity analyses. Finally, we show that the observed meridional gradient of the H2 mixing ratio and its seasonality can provide important constraints to test and refine parameterizations of the H2 soil sink. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: |
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