Bibliographic Details
| Title: |
The prospect of universal coronavirus immunity: characterization of reciprocal and non-reciprocal T cell responses against SARS-CoV2 and common human coronaviruses. |
| Authors: |
Soni, Mithil K., Migliori, Edoardo, Jianing Fu, Assal, Amer, Hei Ton Chan, Jian Pan, Khatiwada, Prabesh, Ciubotariu, Rodica, May, Michael S., Pereira, Marcus R., Giorgi, Valeria De, Sykes, Megan, Mapara, Markus Y., Muranski, Pawel J. |
| Source: |
Frontiers in Immunology; 2023, p1-19, 19p |
| Subject Terms: |
T cells, CORONAVIRUSES, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 |
| Abstract: |
T cell immunity plays a central role in clinical outcomes of Coronavirus Infectious Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and T cell-focused vaccination or cellular immunotherapy might provide enhanced protection for some immunocompromised patients. Preexisting T cell memory recognizing SARS-CoV-2 antigens antedating COVID-19 infection or vaccination, may have developed as an imprint of prior infections with endemic non-SARS human coronaviruses (hCoVs) OC43, HKU1, 229E, NL63, pathogens of “common cold”. In turn, SARS-CoV-2-primed T cells may recognize emerging variants or other hCoV viruses and modulate the course of subsequent hCoV infections. Cross-immunity between hCoVs and SARS-CoV-2 has not been well characterized. Here, we systematically investigated T cell responses against the immunodominant SARS-CoV-2 spike, nucleocapsid and membrane proteins and corresponding antigens from a- and b-hCoVs among vaccinated, convalescent, and unexposed subjects. Broad T cell immunity against all tested SARS-CoV-2 antigens emerged in COVID-19 survivors. In convalescent and in vaccinated individuals, SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific T cells reliably recognized most SARS-CoV-2 variants, however cross-reactivity against the omicron variant was reduced by approximately 47%. Responses against spike, nucleocapsid and membrane antigens from endemic hCoVs were significantly more extensive in COVID-19 survivors than in unexposed subjects and displayed cross-reactivity between a- and b-hCoVs. In some, nonSARS hCoV-specific T cells demonstrated a prominent non-reciprocal crossreactivity with SARS-CoV-2 antigens, whereas a distinct anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunological repertoire emerged post-COVID-19, with relatively limited crossrecognition of non-SARS hCoVs. Based on this cross-reactivity pattern, we established a strategy for in-vitro expansion of universal anti-hCoV T cells for adoptive immunotherapy. Overall, these results have implications for the future design of universal vaccines and cell-based immune therapies against SARS- and non-SARS-CoVs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: |
Complementary Index |
