| Title: |
In vitro AND in vivo ANTI-FUNGAL EFFECT OF CHITOSAN ON POST-HARVEST STRAWBERRY PATHOGENS. |
| Alternate Title: |
EFECTO ANTIFÚNGICO in vitro E in vivo DE QUITOSANO SOBRE PATÓGENOS DE FRESA EN POSTCOSECHA. (Spanish) |
| Authors: |
Arceo-Martínez, María T., Jiménez-Mejía, Rafael, Salgado-Garciglia, Rafael, Santoyo, Gustavo, López-Meza, Joel E., Loeza-Lara, Pedro D. |
| Source: |
Agrociencia; 11/16/2019, Vol. 53 Issue 8, p1297-1311, 15p |
| Subject Terms: |
STRAWBERRIES, ANTHRACNOSE, CHITOSAN, TUKEY'S test, COLLETOTRICHUM acutatum, COLLETOTRICHUM gloeosporioides, PLANT diseases |
| Abstract (English): |
Plant diseases with a negative impact on strawberry yield (Fragaria × ananassa), such as anthracnose and fruit rot, are mainly controlled using pesticides, which can cause harmful effects; thus, new control alternatives for fruit decay are needed. Chitosan is a compound already evaluated for fungal disease control at postharvest. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo control activity of chitosan against post-harvest fungal strawberry pathogens, such as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Colletotrichum acutatum, Fusarium oxysporum and Phytophthora sp. The experimental design was completely random, with at least three repetitions for each chitosan treatment (5, 7.5, 10 and 15 mg mL-1). The data obtained were transformed with the x ≤05. function. A variance analysis (p≤0.05), and a Tukey's test (p≤0.05) were conducted using the SAS software. In vitro bioassays showed the anti-fungal effects of chitosan (5, 7.5, 10 and 15 mg mL-1) against all pathogens tested, which are related to the inhibition of mycelial growth and spore germination. The best results were observed in F. oxysporum and Phytophthora sp. with 100% of mycelial growth and spore germination inhibition. In vivo bioassays showed that strawberry fruit inoculated with mycelium or spores, and then immersed in chitosan (7.5, 10 and 15 mg mL-1), displayed a significant reduction (p≤0.05) in disease severity index after two treatments: 1) exposure for 7 d at 2±2.0 °C, and 2) for 3 d at room temperature (25±2.0 °C). The best results were observed in fruit treated with 15 mg mL-1 chitosan, which showed a disease severity range of 1-1.2 for fruit inoculated with mycelium and 1-1.6 with spores. These findings show that chitosan is a promising alternative in post-harvest disease control in strawberries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (Spanish): |
Las enfermedades con efecto negativo en el rendimiento de la fresa (Fragaria × ananassa), como la antracnosis y la pudrición del fruto, se controlan principalmente con el uso de pesticidas que pueden generar efectos nocivos; así, nuevas alternativas se requieren para controlar la descomposición del fruto. El quitosano es un compuesto ya evaluado para el control de enfermedades fúngicas en postcosecha. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la actividad in vitro e in vivo del quitosano frente a los patógenos fúngicos de la fresa en postcosecha, como Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Colletotrichum acutatum, Fusarium oxysporum y Phytophthora sp. El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar, con al menos tres repeticiones para cada tratamiento con quitosano (5, 7.5, 10 y 15 mg mL-1). Los datos obtenidos se transformaron con la función x +0 5.. Un análisis de varianza (p≤0.05) y la prueba de Tukey (p≤0.05) se realizaron con el software SAS. Los bioensayos in vitro demostraron los efectos antifúngicos del quitosano (5, 7.5, 10 y 15 mg mL-1) contra todos los patógenos evaluados, los cuales están relacionados con la inhibición del crecimiento micelial y la germinación de las esporas. Los mejores resultados se observaron en F. oxysporum y Phytophthora sp., con una inhibición del 100% en el crecimiento micelial y la germinación de esporas. En los bioensayos in vivo, la fresa inoculada con micelio o esporas y luego sumergida en quitosano (7.5, 10 y 15 mg mL-1), presentó una disminución significativa (p≤0.05) en el índice de severidad de la enfermedad después de dos tratamientos: 1) exposición durante 7 d a 2±2.0 °C, y 2) exposición durante 3 d a temperatura ambiente (25 2.0 °C). Los mejores resultados se observaron en los frutos tratados con 15 mg mL-1 de quitosano, con un intervalo de severidad de la enfermedad de 1-1.2 para los frutos inoculados con micelio y de 1-1.6 con esporas. Estos resultados demuestran que el quitosano es una alternativa prometedora para el control de enfermedades postcosecha de la fresa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: |
Complementary Index |
