| Title: |
Household Transmission of Seasonal Influenza From HIV-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Individuals in South Africa, 2013-2014. |
| Authors: |
Cohen, Cheryl, Tshangela, Akhona, Valley-Omar, Ziyaad, Iyengar, Preetha, Mollendorf, Claire Von, Walaza, Sibongile, Hellferscee, Orienka, Venter, Marietjie, Martinson, Neil, Mahlase, Gethwana, McMorrow, Meredith, Cowling, Benjamin J, Treurnicht, Florette K, Cohen, Adam L, Tempia, Stefano, Von Mollendorf, Claire |
| Source: |
Journal of Infectious Diseases; 5/15/2019, Vol. 219 Issue 10, p1605-1615, 11p |
| Subject Terms: |
SEASONAL influenza, REVERSE transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, INFLUENZA transmission, HOUSEHOLDS |
| Geographic Terms: |
SOUTH Africa |
| Abstract: |
Background: We estimated the household secondary infection risk (SIR) and serial interval (SI) for influenza transmission from HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected index cases.Methods: Index cases were the first symptomatic person in a household with influenza-like illness, testing influenza positive on real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). Nasopharyngeal swabs collected from household contacts every 4 days were tested by rRT-PCR. Factors associated with SIR were evaluated using logistic regression.Results: We enrolled 28 HIV-infected and 57 HIV-uninfected index cases. On multivariable analysis, HIV-infected index cases were less likely to transmit influenza to household contacts (odds ratio [OR] 0.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.1-0.6; SIR 16%, 18/113 vs 27%, 59/220). Factors associated with increased SIR included index age group 1-4 years (OR 3.6; 95% CI, 1.2-11.3) and 25-44 years (OR 8.0; 95% CI, 1.8-36.7), and contact age group 1-4 years (OR 3.5; 95% CI, 1.2-10.3) compared to 5-14 years, and sleeping with index case (OR 2.7; 95% CI, 1.3-5.5). HIV infection of index case was not associated with SI.Conclusions: HIV-infection was not associated with SI. Increased infectiousness of HIV-infected individuals is likely not an important driver of community influenza transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: |
Complementary Index |
