Bibliographic Details
| Title: |
Dietary Thymol Supplementation Promotes Antioxidant Responses and Thermal Stress Resistance in Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. |
| Authors: |
Yousefi, Morteza1 (AUTHOR) myousefi81@gmail.com, Hoseini, Seyyed Morteza1,2 (AUTHOR) karamyan-as@rudn.ru, Vatnikov, Yury Anatolyevich1 (AUTHOR) kulikov-ev@rudn.ru, Karamyan, Arfenya1 (AUTHOR), Kulikov, Evgeny Vladimirovich1 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: |
Animals (2076-2615). Oct2024, Vol. 14 Issue 20, p2988. 14p. |
| Subject Terms: |
*OXIDANT status, *GLUTATHIONE reductase, *THERMAL stresses, *RAINBOW trout, *OXIDATIVE stress, *THYMOL |
| Abstract: |
Simple Summary: Global warming is an important issue in the context of climate change affecting cold-water aquaculture. Heat stress induces oxidative stress in fish, hence the use of a functional diet supplemented with antioxidant additives, such as thymol, can be useful to counteract the impact of global warming on aquaculture. In this study, we used thymol-enriched diets to rear rainbow trout fingerlings over an 8-week period followed by a period of heat stress of 48 h. Although thymol had no significant benefits on the growth and innate immunity of the fish, it improved antioxidant capacity and reduced lipid peroxidation and mortality after heat stress. The appropriate thymol dose for these benefits is 100 mg/kg. Rainbow trout fingerlings were fed, in triplicate, diets supplemented with 0 (CTL), 50 (50 TM), 100 (100 TM), 200 (200 TM), 400 (400 TM) and 800 (800 TM) mg/kg of thymol, followed by 48 h of thermal stress. Growth performance and humoral immunological parameters showed no significant responses to dietary thymol concentrations. Fish fed 50–400 mg/kg thymol diets had significantly higher survival after heat stress. Plasma cortisol, glucose, hepatic glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and erythrocyte catalase significantly increased after thermal stress, whereas total plasma antioxidant capacity, ascorbate, and hepatic/erythrocyte reduced-glutathione significantly decreased. There were significant elevations in plasma ascorbate and hepatic glutathione reductase in the 50 TM, 100 TM and 200 TM groups; plasma total antioxidant capacity in the 100 TM and 200 TM groups; hepatic glutathione peroxidase in the 200 TM group; and hepatic-reduced glutathione in the 100 TM, 200 TM and 400 TM groups, compared to CTL. The highest hepatic superoxide dismutase and lowest hepatic malondialdehyde were observed in the 100 TM group before heat stress. These parameters significantly increased after thermal stress in the treatment groups, except in the 100 TM and 200 TM groups. Hepatic catalase showed no significant difference among the treatment groups before thermal stress. Hepatic catalase significantly increased after heat stress in all treatment groups, except in the 100 TM group. Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase significantly increased in the 100 TM group before heat stress, whereas erythrocyte malondialdehyde significantly decreased in the 100 TM and 200 TM groups after thermal stress. Based on the results, 100 mg/kg of thymol can promote antioxidant power and thermal stress resistance in rainbow trout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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