Multiplex-PCR Detection of Clostridium tyrobutyricum , Clostridium butyricum , and Clostridium sporogenes in Raw Milk for Cheesemaking.
| Title: | Multiplex-PCR Detection of Clostridium tyrobutyricum , Clostridium butyricum , and Clostridium sporogenes in Raw Milk for Cheesemaking. |
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| Authors: | Floris, Irene1 (AUTHOR) francesca.martucci@izsto.it, Martucci, Francesca1 (AUTHOR) angelo.romano@izsto.it, Romano, Angelo1 (AUTHOR) giuseppina.marello@izsto.it, Marello, Giuseppina1 (AUTHOR) cligotti@aslal.it, Ligotti, Carmela1,2 (AUTHOR) manila.bianchi@izsto.it, Bianchi, Daniela Manila1 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Life (2075-1729). Sep2024, Vol. 14 Issue 9, p1093. 9p. |
| Subject Terms: | *CLOSTRIDIUM butyricum, *DAIRY processing, *MILK yield, *DAIRY plants, *DAIRY industry |
| Abstract: | Late blowing defects in semi-hard and hard cheeses caused by spore-forming clostridia (e.g., Clostridium tyrobutyricum, Clostridium butyricum, Clostridium sporogenes) pose a major issue for the dairy industry. With this study, we applied a multiplex PCR for the rapid and simultaneous detection of clostridia in raw milk for cheese production. Spore detection in milk usually relies on culture-dependent methods, among which the most probable number (MPN) technique is sensitive but time-consuming and nonspecific. We tested two PCR-based protocols: the one entailed direct milk analysis with results obtained within 24 h; the other included an enrichment step and gave results within 72 h. The second protocol was found to be more sensitive; it detected concentrations as low as 100 cells/L for C. sporogenes and C. butyricum and 800 cells/L for C. tyrobutyricum. Both protocols were applied to field samples (211 samples underwent protocol no. 1; 117 samples underwent protocol no. 2) collected from four dairy processing plants in Piedmont. The prevalence of C. butyricum (protocol no. 1: 9.5%; protocol no. 2: 23%) was higher than either C. sporogenes (0%; 9.4%) or C. tyrobutyricum (0%; 6.8%). Protocol no. 2 detected multiple targets in eight samples, indicating that more than one microorganism was present. Our findings underscore the importance of implementing preventive measures and early detection strategies to mitigate the risk of cheese spoilage due to clostridial contamination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Multiplex-PCR Detection of Clostridium tyrobutyricum , Clostridium butyricum , and Clostridium sporogenes in Raw Milk for Cheesemaking. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Floris%2C+Irene%22">Floris, Irene</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> francesca.martucci@izsto.it</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Martucci%2C+Francesca%22">Martucci, Francesca</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> angelo.romano@izsto.it</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Romano%2C+Angelo%22">Romano, Angelo</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> giuseppina.marello@izsto.it</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Marello%2C+Giuseppina%22">Marello, Giuseppina</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> cligotti@aslal.it</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ligotti%2C+Carmela%22">Ligotti, Carmela</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> manila.bianchi@izsto.it</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bianchi%2C+Daniela+Manila%22">Bianchi, Daniela Manila</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Life+%282075-1729%29%22">Life (2075-1729)</searchLink>. Sep2024, Vol. 14 Issue 9, p1093. 9p. – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22CLOSTRIDIUM+butyricum%22">CLOSTRIDIUM butyricum</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22DAIRY+processing%22">DAIRY processing</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22MILK+yield%22">MILK yield</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22DAIRY+plants%22">DAIRY plants</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22DAIRY+industry%22">DAIRY industry</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Late blowing defects in semi-hard and hard cheeses caused by spore-forming clostridia (e.g., Clostridium tyrobutyricum, Clostridium butyricum, Clostridium sporogenes) pose a major issue for the dairy industry. With this study, we applied a multiplex PCR for the rapid and simultaneous detection of clostridia in raw milk for cheese production. Spore detection in milk usually relies on culture-dependent methods, among which the most probable number (MPN) technique is sensitive but time-consuming and nonspecific. We tested two PCR-based protocols: the one entailed direct milk analysis with results obtained within 24 h; the other included an enrichment step and gave results within 72 h. The second protocol was found to be more sensitive; it detected concentrations as low as 100 cells/L for C. sporogenes and C. butyricum and 800 cells/L for C. tyrobutyricum. Both protocols were applied to field samples (211 samples underwent protocol no. 1; 117 samples underwent protocol no. 2) collected from four dairy processing plants in Piedmont. The prevalence of C. butyricum (protocol no. 1: 9.5%; protocol no. 2: 23%) was higher than either C. sporogenes (0%; 9.4%) or C. tyrobutyricum (0%; 6.8%). Protocol no. 2 detected multiple targets in eight samples, indicating that more than one microorganism was present. Our findings underscore the importance of implementing preventive measures and early detection strategies to mitigate the risk of cheese spoilage due to clostridial contamination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Life (2075-1729) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.3390/life14091093 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 9 StartPage: 1093 Subjects: – SubjectFull: CLOSTRIDIUM butyricum Type: general – SubjectFull: DAIRY processing Type: general – SubjectFull: MILK yield Type: general – SubjectFull: DAIRY plants Type: general – SubjectFull: DAIRY industry Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Multiplex-PCR Detection of Clostridium tyrobutyricum , Clostridium butyricum , and Clostridium sporogenes in Raw Milk for Cheesemaking. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Floris, Irene – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Martucci, Francesca – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Romano, Angelo – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Marello, Giuseppina – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Ligotti, Carmela – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Bianchi, Daniela Manila IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 09 Text: Sep2024 Type: published Y: 2024 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 20751729 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 14 – Type: issue Value: 9 Titles: – TitleFull: Life (2075-1729) Type: main |
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