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Toxoplasma gondii in small mammals in Romania: the influence of host, season and sampling location.

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Title: Toxoplasma gondii in small mammals in Romania: the influence of host, season and sampling location.
Authors: Kalmár, Zsuzsa1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Sándor, Attila D.1,3,4 (AUTHOR) attila.sandor@usamvcluj.ro, Balea, Anamaria1,5 (AUTHOR), Borşan, Silvia-Diana1 (AUTHOR), Matei, Ioana Adriana1 (AUTHOR), Ionică, Angela Monica1,6 (AUTHOR), Gherman, Călin Mircea1 (AUTHOR), Mihalca, Andrei Daniel1 (AUTHOR), Cozma-Petruț, Anamaria2 (AUTHOR), Mircean, Viorica1 (AUTHOR), Györke, Adriana1 (AUTHOR)
Source: BMC Veterinary Research. 9/29/2023, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p1-8. 8p.
Subject Terms: *TOXOPLASMA gondii, *WARM-blooded animals, *MAMMALS, *SPRING, *AUTUMN, *NATURAL landscaping, *FELIDAE
Geographic Terms: ROMANIA
Abstract: Background: Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite that infects a large spectrum of warm-blooded animals, including humans. Small rodents and insectivores play an important role in the epidemiology of T. gondii and may serve as a source of infection for both, domestic and wild definitive felid hosts. Factors influencing the occurrence of T. gondii in wild small mammals are unknown, despite the fact that many intermediate host species are identified. We have used small mammals (Rodentia and Lipotyphla) captured over two years in various habitats, both in urbanised and in natural landscapes. We assessed the importance of land-use, season and host ecology on T. gondii infection. Results: We examined 471 individuals belonging to 20 small mammal species, collected at 63 locations spread over wide altitude, habitat and land-use ranges from Romania. Heart tissue samples were individually analysed by PCR targeting the 529 bp repetitive DNA fragment of T. gondii. The overall prevalence of infection was 7.3%, with nine species of rodents and two species of shrews being found to carry T. gondii DNA. Five species showed high frequency of infection, with the highest prevalence found in Myodes glareolus (35.5%), followed by Spermophilus citellus (33.3%), Sorex minutus (23.1%), S. araneus (21.7%) and Micromys minutus (11.1%). Adults seemed more often infected than young, however when controlling for season, the difference was not significant, as in spring both adults and young showed higher infection rates, but more adults were sampled. Contrary to our expectations, urban/rural areas (with their implicit high density of domestic feline presence) had no effect on infection prevalence. In addition, neither habitat, nor land-use at sampling sites was important as only geographical location and host species were contributing factors to the infection risk. Conclusions: High prevalence of T. gondii infection showed a highly localised, patchy occurrence, with long living and higher mobility host species being the most common carriers, especially during autumn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of BMC Veterinary Research is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Toxoplasma gondii in small mammals in Romania: the influence of host, season and sampling location.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22TOXOPLASMA+gondii%22">TOXOPLASMA gondii</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22WARM-blooded+animals%22">WARM-blooded animals</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22MAMMALS%22">MAMMALS</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22SPRING%22">SPRING</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22AUTUMN%22">AUTUMN</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22NATURAL+landscaping%22">NATURAL landscaping</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22FELIDAE%22">FELIDAE</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22ROMANIA%22">ROMANIA</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Background: Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite that infects a large spectrum of warm-blooded animals, including humans. Small rodents and insectivores play an important role in the epidemiology of T. gondii and may serve as a source of infection for both, domestic and wild definitive felid hosts. Factors influencing the occurrence of T. gondii in wild small mammals are unknown, despite the fact that many intermediate host species are identified. We have used small mammals (Rodentia and Lipotyphla) captured over two years in various habitats, both in urbanised and in natural landscapes. We assessed the importance of land-use, season and host ecology on T. gondii infection. Results: We examined 471 individuals belonging to 20 small mammal species, collected at 63 locations spread over wide altitude, habitat and land-use ranges from Romania. Heart tissue samples were individually analysed by PCR targeting the 529 bp repetitive DNA fragment of T. gondii. The overall prevalence of infection was 7.3%, with nine species of rodents and two species of shrews being found to carry T. gondii DNA. Five species showed high frequency of infection, with the highest prevalence found in Myodes glareolus (35.5%), followed by Spermophilus citellus (33.3%), Sorex minutus (23.1%), S. araneus (21.7%) and Micromys minutus (11.1%). Adults seemed more often infected than young, however when controlling for season, the difference was not significant, as in spring both adults and young showed higher infection rates, but more adults were sampled. Contrary to our expectations, urban/rural areas (with their implicit high density of domestic feline presence) had no effect on infection prevalence. In addition, neither habitat, nor land-use at sampling sites was important as only geographical location and host species were contributing factors to the infection risk. Conclusions: High prevalence of T. gondii infection showed a highly localised, patchy occurrence, with long living and higher mobility host species being the most common carriers, especially during autumn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of BMC Veterinary Research is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1186/s12917-023-03729-7
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 8
        StartPage: 1
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      – SubjectFull: ROMANIA
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: TOXOPLASMA gondii
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      – SubjectFull: WARM-blooded animals
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      – SubjectFull: SPRING
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      – SubjectFull: AUTUMN
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