| Title: |
Assessment of serum concentrations and sedative effects of fentanyl after transdermal administration at three dosages in healthy llamas. |
| Authors: |
Grubb, Tamara L.1, Gold, Jenifer R.2, Schlipf, John W.3, Riebold, Thomas W.3, Craig, A. Morrie4, Walker, Karen C.4 |
| Source: |
American Journal of Veterinary Research. May2005, Vol. 66 Issue 5, p907-909. 3p. 1 Graph. |
| Subject Terms: |
*FENTANYL, *TRANSDERMAL medication, *LLAMAS, *FOREARM, *ANIMAL sedation, *DISEASES |
| Abstract: |
Objective--To determine the serum concentrations and sedative effects of fentanyl after transdermal administration at 3 dosages in llamas. Animals--9 healthy adult female llamas (mean age, 8 ± 3 years; mean weight, 150 ± 18 kg). Procedure--Llamas were allocated to 1 of 3 groups (3 llamas/group). Fentanyl patches (each providing transdermal delivery of 75 µg of fentanyl/h) were placed on shaved areas of the antebrachium of all llamas. In group 1, llamas were treated with 1 patch (anticipated fentanyl dosage, 75 µg/h). In group 2, llamas were treated with 2 patches (anticipated fentanyl dosage, 150 µg/h). In group 3, llamas were treated with 4 patches (anticipated fentanyl dosage, 300 µg/h). For each llama, the degree of sedation was assessed by use of a subjective scoring system and a blood sample was collected for determination of serum fentanyl concentration at 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 hours after patch placement. Results--Following the placement of 4 patches, mean ± SD serum fentanyl concentration in group 3 llamas reached 0.3 ± 0.08 ng/mL within 12 hours. This concentration was sustained for 72 hours. In group 2, application of 2 patches provided inconsistent results; in group 1, application of 1 patch rarely provided measurable serum fentanyl concentrations. No llamas became sedated at any time. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance Results suggest that application of four 75 µg/h fentanyl patches provides consistent, sustained serum fentanyl concentrations without sedation in llamas. However, the serum concentration of fentanyl that provides analgesia in llamas is not known. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: |
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