Bibliographic Details
| Title: |
RNA/DNA structures recognized by RNase H2. |
| Authors: |
Kojima, Kenji1 (AUTHOR), Baba, Misato1 (AUTHOR), Tsukiashi, Motoki1 (AUTHOR), Nishimura, Takuto1 (AUTHOR), Yasukawa, Kiyoshi1 (AUTHOR) yasukawa@kais.kyoto-u.ac.jp |
| Source: |
Briefings in Functional Genomics. May2019, Vol. 18 Issue 3, p169-173. 5p. |
| Subject Terms: |
*RIBONUCLEASE H, *RIBONUCLEOSIDE diphosphate reductase, *DOUBLE-strand DNA breaks, *RNA, *DNA repair, *DNA structure, *SINGLE-stranded DNA |
| Abstract: |
Ribonuclease H (RNase H) [EC 3.1.26.4] is an enzyme that specifically degrades RNA from RNA/DNA hybrids. Since its discovery in 1969, the enzyme has been extensively studied for its catalytic mechanism and physiological role. RNase H has been classified into two major families, Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 enzymes are designated RNase HI in prokaryotes and RNase H1 in eukaryotes, while Type 2 enzymes are designated RNase HII in prokaryotes and RNase H2 in eukaryotes. Type 2 enzymes are able to cleave the 5′-phosphodiester bond of one ribonucleotide embedded in a DNA double strand. Recent studies have shown that RNase H2 is involved in excision of a single ribonucleotide embedded in genomic DNA and removal of an R-loop formed in cells. It is also involved in double-strand break of DNA and its repair. In this review, we aim to outline the structures recognized by RNase H2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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