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Mapping the Link between Socio-Economic Factors, Autistic Traits and Mental Health across Different Settings

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Title: Mapping the Link between Socio-Economic Factors, Autistic Traits and Mental Health across Different Settings
Language: English
Authors: Teresa Del Bianco (ORCID 0000-0002-7162-0042), Georgia Lockwood Estrin (ORCID 0000-0001-9865-1415), Julian Tillmann, Bethany F. Oakley, Daisy Crawley, Antonia San José Cáceres, Hannah Hayward, Mandy Potter, Wendy Mackay, Petrusa Smit, Carlie du Plessis, Lucy Brink, Priscilla Springer, Hein Odendaal, Tony Charman (ORCID 0000-0003-1993-6549), Tobias Banaschewski (ORCID 0000-0003-4595-1144), Simon Baron-Cohen, Sven Bölte (ORCID 0000-0002-4579-4970), Mark Johnson, Declan Murphy, Jan Buitelaar, Eva Loth, Emily J. H. Jones (ORCID 0000-0001-5747-9540)
Source: Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice. 2024 28(5):1280-1296.
Availability: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: https://sagepub.com
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 17
Publication Date: 2024
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Socioeconomic Influences, Mental Health, Control Groups, Socioeconomic Background, Behavior Problems, Child Behavior, Adjustment (to Environment), Antisocial Behavior
Geographic Terms: Europe, South Africa
Assessment and Survey Identifiers: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales
DOI: 10.1177/13623613231200297
ISSN: 1362-3613
1461-7005
Abstract: Autistic individuals experience higher rates of externalising and internalising symptoms that may vary with environmental factors. However, there is limited research on variation across settings that may highlight common factors with globally generalisable effects. Data were taken from two cohorts: a multinational European sample (n = 764; 453 autistic; 311 non-autistic; 6-30 years), and a South African sample (n = 100 non-autistic; 3-11 years). An exploratory factor analysis aggregated clinical (Verbal Comprehension and Perceptual Index), adaptive traits (Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scale) and socio-economic variables (parental employment and education, home and family characteristics) in each cohort separately. With regression, we investigated the effect of these factors and autistic traits on internalising and externalising scores (measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire). Cohorts showed similar four-factor structures (Person Characteristics, Family System, Parental and Material Resources). The 'Family System' factor captured family size and maternal factors and was associated with lower internalising and externalising symptoms in both cohorts. In the European cohort, high autistic traits reduced this effect; the opposite was found in the South Africa cohort. Our exploratory findings from two separate analyses represent consistent evidence that Family System is associated with internalising and externalising symptoms, with a context-specific impact in persons with high autism traits. [This article was written with the EU-AIMS LEAP Team.]
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2024
Accession Number: EJ1423396
Database: ERIC
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Teresa+Del+Bianco%22">Teresa Del Bianco</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7162-0042">0000-0002-7162-0042</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Georgia+Lockwood+Estrin%22">Georgia Lockwood Estrin</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9865-1415">0000-0001-9865-1415</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Julian+Tillmann%22">Julian Tillmann</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bethany+F%2E+Oakley%22">Bethany F. Oakley</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Daisy+Crawley%22">Daisy Crawley</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Antonia+San+José+Cáceres%22">Antonia San José Cáceres</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hannah+Hayward%22">Hannah Hayward</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mandy+Potter%22">Mandy Potter</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wendy+Mackay%22">Wendy Mackay</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Petrusa+Smit%22">Petrusa Smit</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Carlie+du+Plessis%22">Carlie du Plessis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lucy+Brink%22">Lucy Brink</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Priscilla+Springer%22">Priscilla Springer</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hein+Odendaal%22">Hein Odendaal</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tony+Charman%22">Tony Charman</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1993-6549">0000-0003-1993-6549</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tobias+Banaschewski%22">Tobias Banaschewski</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4595-1144">0000-0003-4595-1144</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Simon+Baron-Cohen%22">Simon Baron-Cohen</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sven+Bölte%22">Sven Bölte</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4579-4970">0000-0002-4579-4970</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mark+Johnson%22">Mark Johnson</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Declan+Murphy%22">Declan Murphy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jan+Buitelaar%22">Jan Buitelaar</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Eva+Loth%22">Eva Loth</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Emily+J%2E+H%2E+Jones%22">Emily J. H. Jones</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5747-9540">0000-0001-5747-9540</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Europe%22">Europe</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22South+Africa%22">South Africa</searchLink>
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  Data: Autistic individuals experience higher rates of externalising and internalising symptoms that may vary with environmental factors. However, there is limited research on variation across settings that may highlight common factors with globally generalisable effects. Data were taken from two cohorts: a multinational European sample (n = 764; 453 autistic; 311 non-autistic; 6-30 years), and a South African sample (n = 100 non-autistic; 3-11 years). An exploratory factor analysis aggregated clinical (Verbal Comprehension and Perceptual Index), adaptive traits (Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scale) and socio-economic variables (parental employment and education, home and family characteristics) in each cohort separately. With regression, we investigated the effect of these factors and autistic traits on internalising and externalising scores (measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire). Cohorts showed similar four-factor structures (Person Characteristics, Family System, Parental and Material Resources). The 'Family System' factor captured family size and maternal factors and was associated with lower internalising and externalising symptoms in both cohorts. In the European cohort, high autistic traits reduced this effect; the opposite was found in the South Africa cohort. Our exploratory findings from two separate analyses represent consistent evidence that Family System is associated with internalising and externalising symptoms, with a context-specific impact in persons with high autism traits. [This article was written with the EU-AIMS LEAP Team.]
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