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Enzyme-Assisted Extraction of Bioactive Material from Chondrus crispus and Codium fragile and Its Effect on Herpes simplex Virus (HSV-1)

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Title: Enzyme-Assisted Extraction of Bioactive Material from Chondrus crispus and Codium fragile and Its Effect on Herpes simplex Virus (HSV-1)
Authors: Garima Kulshreshtha, Anne-Sophie Burlot, Christel Marty, Alan Critchley, Jeff Hafting, Gilles Bedoux, Nathalie Bourgougnon, Balakrishnan Prithiviraj
Source: Marine Drugs, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 558-580 (2015)
Publisher Information: MDPI AG, 2015.
Publication Year: 2015
Collection: LCC:Biology (General)
Subject Terms: Codium fragile, Chondrus crispus, red seaweeds, sulfates, Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1), Biology (General), QH301-705.5
More Details: Codium fragile and Chondrus crispus are, respectively, green and red seaweeds which are abundant along the North Atlantic coasts. We investigated the chemical composition and antiviral activity of enzymatic extracts of C. fragile (CF) and C. crispus (CC). On a dry weight basis, CF consisted of 11% protein, 31% neutral sugars, 0.8% sulfate, 0.6% uronic acids, and 49% ash, while CC contained 27% protein, 28% neutral sugars, 17% sulfate, 1.8% uronic acids, and 25% ash. Enzyme-assisted hydrolysis improved the extraction efficiency of bioactive materials. Commercial proteases and carbohydrases significantly improved (p ≤ 0.001) biomass yield (40%–70% dry matter) as compared to aqueous extraction (20%–25% dry matter). Moreover, enzymatic hydrolysis enhanced the recovery of protein, neutral sugars, uronic acids, and sulfates. The enzymatic hydrolysates exhibited significant activity against Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) with EC50 of 77.6–126.8 μg/mL for CC and 36.5–41.3 μg/mL for CF, at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.001 ID50/cells without cytotoxity (1–200 μg/mL). The extracts obtained from proteases (P1) and carbohydrases (C3) were also effective at higher virus MOI of 0.01 ID50/cells without cytotoxity. Taken together, these results indicate the potential application of enzymatic hydrolysates of C. fragile and C. crispus in functional food and antiviral drug discovery.
Document Type: article
File Description: electronic resource
Language: English
ISSN: 1660-3397
Relation: http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/13/1/558; https://doaj.org/toc/1660-3397
DOI: 10.3390/md13010558
Access URL: https://doaj.org/article/f6aed94317ba477792a0d1a7aa6ed41a
Accession Number: edsdoj.f6aed94317ba477792a0d1a7aa6ed41a
Database: Directory of Open Access Journals
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  Data: Enzyme-Assisted Extraction of Bioactive Material from Chondrus crispus and Codium fragile and Its Effect on Herpes simplex Virus (HSV-1)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Garima+Kulshreshtha%22">Garima Kulshreshtha</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Anne-Sophie+Burlot%22">Anne-Sophie Burlot</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Christel+Marty%22">Christel Marty</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Alan+Critchley%22">Alan Critchley</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jeff+Hafting%22">Jeff Hafting</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gilles+Bedoux%22">Gilles Bedoux</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nathalie+Bourgougnon%22">Nathalie Bourgougnon</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Balakrishnan+Prithiviraj%22">Balakrishnan Prithiviraj</searchLink>
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  Data: Marine Drugs, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 558-580 (2015)
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  Data: MDPI AG, 2015.
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  Data: 2015
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  Data: LCC:Biology (General)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Codium+fragile%22">Codium fragile</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chondrus+crispus%22">Chondrus crispus</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22red+seaweeds%22">red seaweeds</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22sulfates%22">sulfates</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Herpes+simplex+virus+%28HSV-1%29%22">Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biology+%28General%29%22">Biology (General)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22QH301-705%2E5%22">QH301-705.5</searchLink>
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  Label: Description
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  Data: Codium fragile and Chondrus crispus are, respectively, green and red seaweeds which are abundant along the North Atlantic coasts. We investigated the chemical composition and antiviral activity of enzymatic extracts of C. fragile (CF) and C. crispus (CC). On a dry weight basis, CF consisted of 11% protein, 31% neutral sugars, 0.8% sulfate, 0.6% uronic acids, and 49% ash, while CC contained 27% protein, 28% neutral sugars, 17% sulfate, 1.8% uronic acids, and 25% ash. Enzyme-assisted hydrolysis improved the extraction efficiency of bioactive materials. Commercial proteases and carbohydrases significantly improved (p ≤ 0.001) biomass yield (40%–70% dry matter) as compared to aqueous extraction (20%–25% dry matter). Moreover, enzymatic hydrolysis enhanced the recovery of protein, neutral sugars, uronic acids, and sulfates. The enzymatic hydrolysates exhibited significant activity against Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) with EC50 of 77.6–126.8 μg/mL for CC and 36.5–41.3 μg/mL for CF, at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.001 ID50/cells without cytotoxity (1–200 μg/mL). The extracts obtained from proteases (P1) and carbohydrases (C3) were also effective at higher virus MOI of 0.01 ID50/cells without cytotoxity. Taken together, these results indicate the potential application of enzymatic hydrolysates of C. fragile and C. crispus in functional food and antiviral drug discovery.
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        Value: 10.3390/md13010558
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        PageCount: 23
        StartPage: 558
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      – SubjectFull: Codium fragile
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chondrus crispus
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      – SubjectFull: red seaweeds
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      – SubjectFull: sulfates
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      – SubjectFull: Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1)
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