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The Development of METAL-WRF Regional Model for the Description of Dust Mineralogy in the Atmosphere

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Title: The Development of METAL-WRF Regional Model for the Description of Dust Mineralogy in the Atmosphere
Authors: Stavros Solomos, Christos Spyrou, Africa Barreto, Sergio Rodríguez, Yenny González, Marina K. A. Neophytou, Petros Mouzourides, Nikolaos S. Bartsotas, Christina Kalogeri, Slobodan Nickovic, Ana Vukovic Vimic, Mirjam Vujadinovic Mandic, Goran Pejanovic, Bojan Cvetkovic, Vassilis Amiridis, Olga Sykioti, Antonis Gkikas, Christos Zerefos
Source: Atmosphere, Vol 14, Iss 11, p 1615 (2023)
Publisher Information: MDPI AG, 2023.
Publication Year: 2023
Collection: LCC:Meteorology. Climatology
Subject Terms: dust mineralogy, dust modeling, WRF, Meteorology. Climatology, QC851-999
More Details: The mineralogical composition of airborne dust particles is an important but often neglected parameter for several physiochemical processes, such as atmospheric radiative transfer and ocean biochemistry. We present the development of the METAL-WRF module for the simulation of the composition of desert dust minerals in atmospheric aerosols. The new development is based on the GOCART-AFWA dust module of WRF-Chem. A new wet deposition scheme has been implemented in the dust module alongside the existing dry deposition scheme. The new model includes separate prognostic fields for nine (9) minerals: illite, kaolinite, smectite, calcite, quartz, feldspar, hematite, gypsum, and phosphorus, derived from the GMINER30 database and also iron derived from the FERRUM30 database. Two regional model sensitivity studies are presented for dust events that occurred in August and December 2017, which include a comparison of the model versus elemental dust composition measurements performed in the North Atlantic (at Izaña Observatory, Tenerife Island) and in the eastern Mediterranean (at Agia Marina Xyliatos station, Cyprus Island). The results indicate the important role of dust minerals, as dominant aerosols, for the greater region of North Africa, South Europe, the North Atlantic, and the Middle East, including the dry and wet depositions away from desert sources. Overall, METAL-WRF was found to be capable of reproducing the relative abundances of the different dust minerals in the atmosphere. In particular, the concentration of iron (Fe), which is an important element for ocean biochemistry and solar absorption, was modeled in good agreement with the corresponding measurements at Izaña Observatory (22% overestimation) and at Agia Marina Xyliatos site (4% overestimation). Further model developments, including the implementation of newer surface mineralogical datasets, e.g., from the NASA-EMIT satellite mission, can be implemented in the model to improve its accuracy.
Document Type: article
File Description: electronic resource
Language: English
ISSN: 2073-4433
Relation: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/11/1615; https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433
DOI: 10.3390/atmos14111615
Access URL: https://doaj.org/article/f5996fb636e042dcb3b5e2d164a8db6a
Accession Number: edsdoj.f5996fb636e042dcb3b5e2d164a8db6a
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  Data: The Development of METAL-WRF Regional Model for the Description of Dust Mineralogy in the Atmosphere
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stavros+Solomos%22">Stavros Solomos</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Christos+Spyrou%22">Christos Spyrou</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Africa+Barreto%22">Africa Barreto</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sergio+Rodríguez%22">Sergio Rodríguez</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yenny+González%22">Yenny González</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Marina+K%2E+A%2E+Neophytou%22">Marina K. A. Neophytou</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Petros+Mouzourides%22">Petros Mouzourides</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nikolaos+S%2E+Bartsotas%22">Nikolaos S. Bartsotas</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Christina+Kalogeri%22">Christina Kalogeri</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Slobodan+Nickovic%22">Slobodan Nickovic</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ana+Vukovic+Vimic%22">Ana Vukovic Vimic</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mirjam+Vujadinovic+Mandic%22">Mirjam Vujadinovic Mandic</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Goran+Pejanovic%22">Goran Pejanovic</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bojan+Cvetkovic%22">Bojan Cvetkovic</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vassilis+Amiridis%22">Vassilis Amiridis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Olga+Sykioti%22">Olga Sykioti</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Antonis+Gkikas%22">Antonis Gkikas</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Christos+Zerefos%22">Christos Zerefos</searchLink>
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  Data: Atmosphere, Vol 14, Iss 11, p 1615 (2023)
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  Data: MDPI AG, 2023.
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  Data: The mineralogical composition of airborne dust particles is an important but often neglected parameter for several physiochemical processes, such as atmospheric radiative transfer and ocean biochemistry. We present the development of the METAL-WRF module for the simulation of the composition of desert dust minerals in atmospheric aerosols. The new development is based on the GOCART-AFWA dust module of WRF-Chem. A new wet deposition scheme has been implemented in the dust module alongside the existing dry deposition scheme. The new model includes separate prognostic fields for nine (9) minerals: illite, kaolinite, smectite, calcite, quartz, feldspar, hematite, gypsum, and phosphorus, derived from the GMINER30 database and also iron derived from the FERRUM30 database. Two regional model sensitivity studies are presented for dust events that occurred in August and December 2017, which include a comparison of the model versus elemental dust composition measurements performed in the North Atlantic (at Izaña Observatory, Tenerife Island) and in the eastern Mediterranean (at Agia Marina Xyliatos station, Cyprus Island). The results indicate the important role of dust minerals, as dominant aerosols, for the greater region of North Africa, South Europe, the North Atlantic, and the Middle East, including the dry and wet depositions away from desert sources. Overall, METAL-WRF was found to be capable of reproducing the relative abundances of the different dust minerals in the atmosphere. In particular, the concentration of iron (Fe), which is an important element for ocean biochemistry and solar absorption, was modeled in good agreement with the corresponding measurements at Izaña Observatory (22% overestimation) and at Agia Marina Xyliatos site (4% overestimation). Further model developments, including the implementation of newer surface mineralogical datasets, e.g., from the NASA-EMIT satellite mission, can be implemented in the model to improve its accuracy.
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