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A Competitive Panning Method Reveals an Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Nanobody Specific for an RBD-ACE2 Binding Site

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Title: A Competitive Panning Method Reveals an Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Nanobody Specific for an RBD-ACE2 Binding Site
Authors: Siqi He, Jiali Wang, Hanyi Chen, Zhaohui Qian, Keping Hu, Bingjie Shi, Jianxun Wang
Source: Vaccines, Vol 11, Iss 2, p 371 (2023)
Publisher Information: MDPI AG, 2023.
Publication Year: 2023
Collection: LCC:Medicine
Subject Terms: SARS-CoV-2, ACE2, phage display, nanobody, biopanning, Medicine
More Details: Most neutralizing antibodies neutralize the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by directly blocking the interactions between the spike glycoprotein receptor-binding domain (RBD) and its receptor, human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Here, we report a novel nanobody (Nb) identified by an RBD-ACE2 competitive panning method that could specifically bind to the RBD of SARS-CoV-2 with a high affinity (EC50 = 0.03 nM) and successfully block the binding between the RBD and ACE2 recombinant protein. A structural simulation of the RBD-VHH complex also supports a mechanism of the Nb to block the interaction between the RBD and ACE2. A pseudovirus assay of the Nb showed it could neutralize the WT pseudovirus with high potency (IC50 = 0.026 μg/mL). Furthermore, we measured its binding to phages displaying RBDs of different SARS-CoV-2 variants and found that it could bind to recombinant phages displaying the RBD of beta and delta variants. This study also provides a method of phage library competitive panning, which could be useful for directly screening high-affinity antibodies targeting important functional regions.
Document Type: article
File Description: electronic resource
Language: English
ISSN: 2076-393X
Relation: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/2/371; https://doaj.org/toc/2076-393X
DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020371
Access URL: https://doaj.org/article/538adcdb8ad041ea95287d15b203c4f2
Accession Number: edsdoj.538adcdb8ad041ea95287d15b203c4f2
Database: Directory of Open Access Journals
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  Data: Vaccines, Vol 11, Iss 2, p 371 (2023)
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  Data: Most neutralizing antibodies neutralize the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by directly blocking the interactions between the spike glycoprotein receptor-binding domain (RBD) and its receptor, human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Here, we report a novel nanobody (Nb) identified by an RBD-ACE2 competitive panning method that could specifically bind to the RBD of SARS-CoV-2 with a high affinity (EC50 = 0.03 nM) and successfully block the binding between the RBD and ACE2 recombinant protein. A structural simulation of the RBD-VHH complex also supports a mechanism of the Nb to block the interaction between the RBD and ACE2. A pseudovirus assay of the Nb showed it could neutralize the WT pseudovirus with high potency (IC50 = 0.026 μg/mL). Furthermore, we measured its binding to phages displaying RBDs of different SARS-CoV-2 variants and found that it could bind to recombinant phages displaying the RBD of beta and delta variants. This study also provides a method of phage library competitive panning, which could be useful for directly screening high-affinity antibodies targeting important functional regions.
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      – SubjectFull: ACE2
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      – SubjectFull: phage display
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