Academic Journal
View in EDS

Estimated glucose disposal rate mediates the association between Life’s Crucial 9 and congestive heart failure: a population-based study

Bibliographic Details
Title: Estimated glucose disposal rate mediates the association between Life’s Crucial 9 and congestive heart failure: a population-based study
Authors: Liping Wang, Yaying Xu, Lele Chen, Huifeng Zhang
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology, Vol 16 (2025)
Publisher Information: Frontiers Media S.A., 2025.
Publication Year: 2025
Collection: LCC:Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology
Subject Terms: Life’s Crucial 9 (LC9), estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR), Congestive Heart Failure (CHF), NHANES, cross-sectional study, mediation analysis, Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, RC648-665
More Details: BackgroundLife’s Crucial 9 (LC9) is the latest indicator of cardiovascular health (CVH), and the estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) is a non-invasive indicator of insulin resistance (IR). However, the relationships between LC9 and eGDR and congestive heart failure (CHF) remain unknown.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, participants aged ≥20 years in the NHANES database from 2005 to 2018 were analyzed. Weighted linear regression, logistic regression, subgroup analysis, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were employed to analyze the associations among LC9, eGDR, and CHF. Mediation analysis was used to explore the mediating role of eGDR in the association between LC9 and CHF.ResultsA total of 22,699 adult participants were included, among whom 661 suffered from CHF. The mean age of the participants was 47.52 (0.26) years old, with 11186 (48.68%) males and 11513 (51.32%) females. The average value of LC9 was 71.16 (0.22), and that of eGDR was 7.91 (0.04). After adjusting for confounding factors, linear regression showed that LC9 was independently and positively associated with eGDR (β: 1.11, 95%CI: 1.07 - 1.14, P < 0.0001). Logistic regression indicated that both LC9 (OR: 0.76, 95%CI: 0.65 - 0.88, P < 0.001) and eGDR (OR: 0.81, 95%CI: 0.76 - 0.86, P < 0.0001) were independently and negatively associated with the prevalence of CHF. Mediation analysis revealed that the association between LC9 and CHF was mainly mediated by eGDR, with a proportion of 66%.ConclusionThis study suggests that higher LC9 scores and eGDR values imply a lower prevalence of CHF. Meanwhile, eGDR is the main intermediate factor in the association between LC9 and CHF, indicating that good CVH may reduce the prevalence of CHF by improving IR.
Document Type: article
File Description: electronic resource
Language: English
ISSN: 1664-2392
Relation: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1540794/full; https://doaj.org/toc/1664-2392
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1540794
Access URL: https://doaj.org/article/377332c9ae33405e8b8e619a71fae171
Accession Number: edsdoj.377332c9ae33405e8b8e619a71fae171
Database: Directory of Open Access Journals
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
CustomLinks:
  – Url: https://doaj.org/article/377332c9ae33405e8b8e619a71fae171
    Name: EDS - DOAJ (s8985755)
    Category: fullText
    Text: View record from Directory of Open Access Journals
    MouseOverText: View record from Directory of Open Access Journals
  – Url: https://resolver.ebsco.com/c/xy5jbn/result?sid=EBSCO:edsdoj&genre=article&issn=16642392&ISBN=&volume=16&issue=&date=20250401&spage=&pages=&title=Frontiers in Endocrinology&atitle=Estimated%20glucose%20disposal%20rate%20mediates%20the%20association%20between%20Life%E2%80%99s%20Crucial%209%20and%20congestive%20heart%20failure%3A%20a%20population-based%20study&aulast=Liping%20Wang&id=DOI:10.3389/fendo.2025.1540794
    Name: Full Text Finder (for New FTF UI) (s8985755)
    Category: fullText
    Text: Find It @ SCU Libraries
    MouseOverText: Find It @ SCU Libraries
Header DbId: edsdoj
DbLabel: Directory of Open Access Journals
An: edsdoj.377332c9ae33405e8b8e619a71fae171
RelevancyScore: 1057
AccessLevel: 3
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 1056.58959960938
IllustrationInfo
Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Estimated glucose disposal rate mediates the association between Life’s Crucial 9 and congestive heart failure: a population-based study
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Liping+Wang%22&quot;&gt;Liping Wang&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Yaying+Xu%22&quot;&gt;Yaying Xu&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Lele+Chen%22&quot;&gt;Lele Chen&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Huifeng+Zhang%22&quot;&gt;Huifeng Zhang&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: Frontiers in Endocrinology, Vol 16 (2025)
– Name: Publisher
  Label: Publisher Information
  Group: PubInfo
  Data: Frontiers Media S.A., 2025.
– Name: DatePubCY
  Label: Publication Year
  Group: Date
  Data: 2025
– Name: Subset
  Label: Collection
  Group: HoldingsInfo
  Data: LCC:Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Life%27s+Crucial+9+%28LC9%29%22&quot;&gt;Life’s Crucial 9 (LC9)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22estimated+glucose+disposal+rate+%28eGDR%29%22&quot;&gt;estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Congestive+Heart+Failure+%28CHF%29%22&quot;&gt;Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22NHANES%22&quot;&gt;NHANES&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22cross-sectional+study%22&quot;&gt;cross-sectional study&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22mediation+analysis%22&quot;&gt;mediation analysis&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Diseases+of+the+endocrine+glands%2E+Clinical+endocrinology%22&quot;&gt;Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22RC648-665%22&quot;&gt;RC648-665&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Description
  Group: Ab
  Data: BackgroundLife’s Crucial 9 (LC9) is the latest indicator of cardiovascular health (CVH), and the estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) is a non-invasive indicator of insulin resistance (IR). However, the relationships between LC9 and eGDR and congestive heart failure (CHF) remain unknown.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, participants aged ≥20 years in the NHANES database from 2005 to 2018 were analyzed. Weighted linear regression, logistic regression, subgroup analysis, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were employed to analyze the associations among LC9, eGDR, and CHF. Mediation analysis was used to explore the mediating role of eGDR in the association between LC9 and CHF.ResultsA total of 22,699 adult participants were included, among whom 661 suffered from CHF. The mean age of the participants was 47.52 (0.26) years old, with 11186 (48.68%) males and 11513 (51.32%) females. The average value of LC9 was 71.16 (0.22), and that of eGDR was 7.91 (0.04). After adjusting for confounding factors, linear regression showed that LC9 was independently and positively associated with eGDR (β: 1.11, 95%CI: 1.07 - 1.14, P &lt; 0.0001). Logistic regression indicated that both LC9 (OR: 0.76, 95%CI: 0.65 - 0.88, P &lt; 0.001) and eGDR (OR: 0.81, 95%CI: 0.76 - 0.86, P &lt; 0.0001) were independently and negatively associated with the prevalence of CHF. Mediation analysis revealed that the association between LC9 and CHF was mainly mediated by eGDR, with a proportion of 66%.ConclusionThis study suggests that higher LC9 scores and eGDR values imply a lower prevalence of CHF. Meanwhile, eGDR is the main intermediate factor in the association between LC9 and CHF, indicating that good CVH may reduce the prevalence of CHF by improving IR.
– Name: TypeDocument
  Label: Document Type
  Group: TypDoc
  Data: article
– Name: Format
  Label: File Description
  Group: SrcInfo
  Data: electronic resource
– Name: Language
  Label: Language
  Group: Lang
  Data: English
– Name: ISSN
  Label: ISSN
  Group: ISSN
  Data: 1664-2392
– Name: NoteTitleSource
  Label: Relation
  Group: SrcInfo
  Data: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1540794/full; https://doaj.org/toc/1664-2392
– Name: DOI
  Label: DOI
  Group: ID
  Data: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1540794
– Name: URL
  Label: Access URL
  Group: URL
  Data: &lt;link linkTarget=&quot;URL&quot; linkTerm=&quot;https://doaj.org/article/377332c9ae33405e8b8e619a71fae171&quot; linkWindow=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;https://doaj.org/article/377332c9ae33405e8b8e619a71fae171&lt;/link&gt;
– Name: AN
  Label: Accession Number
  Group: ID
  Data: edsdoj.377332c9ae33405e8b8e619a71fae171
PLink https://login.libproxy.scu.edu/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&scope=site&db=edsdoj&AN=edsdoj.377332c9ae33405e8b8e619a71fae171
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1540794
    Languages:
      – Text: English
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Life’s Crucial 9 (LC9)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: NHANES
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: cross-sectional study
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: mediation analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: RC648-665
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Estimated glucose disposal rate mediates the association between Life’s Crucial 9 and congestive heart failure: a population-based study
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Liping Wang
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Yaying Xu
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Lele Chen
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Huifeng Zhang
    IsPartOfRelationships:
      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 04
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 16642392
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 16
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Frontiers in Endocrinology
              Type: main
ResultId 1