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Persistent human babesiosis with low-grade parasitemia, challenges for clinical diagnosis and management

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Title: Persistent human babesiosis with low-grade parasitemia, challenges for clinical diagnosis and management
Authors: Fei Chen, Shuhong Fu, Jia-fu Jiang, Hao Feng, Zhitong Liu, Yi Sun, Mianyang Li
Source: Heliyon, Vol 10, Iss 22, Pp e39960- (2024)
Publisher Information: Elsevier, 2024.
Publication Year: 2024
Collection: LCC:Science (General)
LCC:Social sciences (General)
Subject Terms: Human babesiosis, Diagnosis, Management, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
More Details: Human babesiosis, caused by several Babesia parasites and transmitted by tick bites and other blood-associated containments, has emerged as a major public health threat around the world. In the absence of readily discernible clinical manifestations, the diagnosis of human babesiosis has been contingent upon the identification of Babesia parasites through the utilization of detection arrays. Nevertheless, cases of persistent and relapsing babesiosis with low-grade parasitemia have been sporadically observed in patients with and without immunosuppression, prompting a challenge to the reliability of routine clinical laboratory tests and efficient anti-babesial therapy. In such instances, it is essential to implement repeated and prolonged monitoring until complete eradication of the parasites is achieved. This review presents an overview of the epidemiology of persistent and relapsing human babesiosis, current diagnostic techniques, the mechanism of persistent relapse and practical clinical management strategies. In order to respond effectively to the challenge of low-grade parasitemia infection in the aforementioned patients, it is essential to prioritize the development and validation of rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective point-of-care diagnostic techniques, as well as the development of novel pharmaceutical agents and their combinations.
Document Type: article
File Description: electronic resource
Language: English
ISSN: 2405-8440
Relation: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024159919; https://doaj.org/toc/2405-8440
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39960
Access URL: https://doaj.org/article/3444cda518da492cba5b0981fc85765a
Accession Number: edsdoj.3444cda518da492cba5b0981fc85765a
Database: Directory of Open Access Journals
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fei+Chen%22">Fei Chen</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shuhong+Fu%22">Shuhong Fu</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jia-fu+Jiang%22">Jia-fu Jiang</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hao+Feng%22">Hao Feng</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhitong+Liu%22">Zhitong Liu</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yi+Sun%22">Yi Sun</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mianyang+Li%22">Mianyang Li</searchLink>
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  Data: Heliyon, Vol 10, Iss 22, Pp e39960- (2024)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Human+babesiosis%22">Human babesiosis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Diagnosis%22">Diagnosis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Management%22">Management</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Science+%28General%29%22">Science (General)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Q1-390%22">Q1-390</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+sciences+%28General%29%22">Social sciences (General)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22H1-99%22">H1-99</searchLink>
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  Data: Human babesiosis, caused by several Babesia parasites and transmitted by tick bites and other blood-associated containments, has emerged as a major public health threat around the world. In the absence of readily discernible clinical manifestations, the diagnosis of human babesiosis has been contingent upon the identification of Babesia parasites through the utilization of detection arrays. Nevertheless, cases of persistent and relapsing babesiosis with low-grade parasitemia have been sporadically observed in patients with and without immunosuppression, prompting a challenge to the reliability of routine clinical laboratory tests and efficient anti-babesial therapy. In such instances, it is essential to implement repeated and prolonged monitoring until complete eradication of the parasites is achieved. This review presents an overview of the epidemiology of persistent and relapsing human babesiosis, current diagnostic techniques, the mechanism of persistent relapse and practical clinical management strategies. In order to respond effectively to the challenge of low-grade parasitemia infection in the aforementioned patients, it is essential to prioritize the development and validation of rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective point-of-care diagnostic techniques, as well as the development of novel pharmaceutical agents and their combinations.
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      – SubjectFull: Management
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