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The Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program: Cosmological Biases from Host Galaxy Mismatch of Type Ia Supernovae

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Title: The Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program: Cosmological Biases from Host Galaxy Mismatch of Type Ia Supernovae
Authors: H. Qu, M. Sako, M. Vincenzi, C. Sánchez, D. Brout, R. Kessler, R. Chen, T. Davis, L. Galbany, L. Kelsey, J. Lee, C. Lidman, B. Popovic, B. Rose, D. Scolnic, M. Smith, M. Sullivan, P. Wiseman, T. M. C. Abbott, M. Aguena, O. Alves, D. Bacon, E. Bertin, D. Brooks, D. L. Burke, A. Carnero Rosell, J. Carretero, L. N. da Costa, M. E. S. Pereira, H. T. Diehl, P. Doel, S. Everett, I. Ferrero, J. Frieman, J. García-Bellido, G. Giannini, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, G. Gutierrez, S. R. Hinton, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, D. J. James, K. Kuehn, O. Lahav, J. L. Marshall, J. Mena-Fernández, F. Menanteau, R. Miquel, R. L. C. Ogando, A. Palmese, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas-Malagón, M. Raveri, E. Sanchez, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Soares-Santos, E. Suchyta, G. Tarle, N. Weaverdyck, DES Collaboration
Source: The Astrophysical Journal, Vol 964, Iss 2, p 134 (2024)
Publisher Information: IOP Publishing, 2024.
Publication Year: 2024
Collection: LCC:Astrophysics
Subject Terms: Cosmology, Type Ia supernovae, Dark energy, Astrophysics, QB460-466
More Details: Redshift measurements, primarily obtained from host galaxies, are essential for inferring cosmological parameters from type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). Matching SNe to host galaxies using images is nontrivial, resulting in a subset of SNe with mismatched hosts and thus incorrect redshifts. We evaluate the host galaxy mismatch rate and resulting biases on cosmological parameters from simulations modeled after the Dark Energy Survey 5 Yr (DES-SN5YR) photometric sample. For both DES-SN5YR data and simulations, we employ the directional light radius method for host galaxy matching. In our SN Ia simulations, we find that 1.7% of SNe are matched to the wrong host galaxy, with redshift differences between the true and matched hosts of up to 0.6. Using our analysis pipeline, we determine the shift in the dark energy equation of state parameter (Δ w ) due to including SNe with incorrect host galaxy matches. For SN Ia–only simulations, we find Δ w = 0.0013 ± 0.0026 with constraints from the cosmic microwave background. Including core-collapse SNe and peculiar SNe Ia in the simulation, we find that Δ w ranges from 0.0009 to 0.0032, depending on the photometric classifier used. This bias is an order of magnitude smaller than the expected total uncertainty on w from the DES-SN5YR sample of ∼0.03. We conclude that the bias on w from host galaxy mismatch is much smaller than the uncertainties expected from the DES-SN5YR sample, but we encourage further studies to reduce this bias through better host-matching algorithms or selection cuts.
Document Type: article
File Description: electronic resource
Language: English
ISSN: 1538-4357
Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/1538-4357
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad251d
Access URL: https://doaj.org/article/062ae04425934609badbec8cd82d7e40
Accession Number: edsdoj.062ae04425934609badbec8cd82d7e40
Database: Directory of Open Access Journals
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  Data: Redshift measurements, primarily obtained from host galaxies, are essential for inferring cosmological parameters from type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). Matching SNe to host galaxies using images is nontrivial, resulting in a subset of SNe with mismatched hosts and thus incorrect redshifts. We evaluate the host galaxy mismatch rate and resulting biases on cosmological parameters from simulations modeled after the Dark Energy Survey 5 Yr (DES-SN5YR) photometric sample. For both DES-SN5YR data and simulations, we employ the directional light radius method for host galaxy matching. In our SN Ia simulations, we find that 1.7% of SNe are matched to the wrong host galaxy, with redshift differences between the true and matched hosts of up to 0.6. Using our analysis pipeline, we determine the shift in the dark energy equation of state parameter (Δ w ) due to including SNe with incorrect host galaxy matches. For SN Ia–only simulations, we find Δ w = 0.0013 ± 0.0026 with constraints from the cosmic microwave background. Including core-collapse SNe and peculiar SNe Ia in the simulation, we find that Δ w ranges from 0.0009 to 0.0032, depending on the photometric classifier used. This bias is an order of magnitude smaller than the expected total uncertainty on w from the DES-SN5YR sample of ∼0.03. We conclude that the bias on w from host galaxy mismatch is much smaller than the uncertainties expected from the DES-SN5YR sample, but we encourage further studies to reduce this bias through better host-matching algorithms or selection cuts.
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          Name:
            NameFull: DES Collaboration
    IsPartOfRelationships:
      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 01
              Type: published
              Y: 2024
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 15384357
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 964
            – Type: issue
              Value: 2
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: The Astrophysical Journal
              Type: main
ResultId 1