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Probing topological matter and fermion dynamics on a neutral-atom quantum computer

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Title: Probing topological matter and fermion dynamics on a neutral-atom quantum computer
Authors: Evered, Simon J., Kalinowski, Marcin, Geim, Alexandra A., Manovitz, Tom, Bluvstein, Dolev, Li, Sophie H., Maskara, Nishad, Zhou, Hengyun, Ebadi, Sepehr, Xu, Muqing, Campo, Joseph, Cain, Madelyn, Ostermann, Stefan, Yelin, Susanne F., Sachdev, Subir, Greiner, Markus, Vuletić, Vladan, Lukin, Mikhail D.
Publication Year: 2025
Collection: Condensed Matter
Physics (Other)
Quantum Physics
Subject Terms: Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, Physics - Atomic Physics
More Details: Quantum simulations of many-body systems are among the most promising applications of quantum computers. In particular, models based on strongly-correlated fermions are central to our understanding of quantum chemistry and materials problems, and can lead to exotic, topological phases of matter. However, due to the non-local nature of fermions, such models are challenging to simulate with qubit devices. Here we realize a digital quantum simulation architecture for two-dimensional fermionic systems based on reconfigurable atom arrays. We utilize a fermion-to-qubit mapping based on Kitaev's model on a honeycomb lattice, in which fermionic statistics are encoded using long-range entangled states. We prepare these states efficiently using measurement and feedforward, realize subsequent fermionic evolution through Floquet engineering with tunable entangling gates interspersed with atom rearrangement, and improve results with built-in error detection. Leveraging this fermion description of the Kitaev spin model, we efficiently prepare topological states across its complex phase diagram and verify the non-Abelian spin liquid phase by evaluating an odd Chern number. We further explore this two-dimensional fermion system by realizing tunable dynamics and directly probing fermion exchange statistics. Finally, we simulate strong interactions and study dynamics of the Fermi-Hubbard model on a square lattice. These results pave the way for digital quantum simulations of complex fermionic systems for materials science, chemistry, and high-energy physics.
Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures. Methods: 15 pages, 9 figures
Document Type: Working Paper
Access URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2501.18554
Accession Number: edsarx.2501.18554
Database: arXiv
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  Data: Probing topological matter and fermion dynamics on a neutral-atom quantum computer
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Evered%2C+Simon+J%2E%22">Evered, Simon J.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kalinowski%2C+Marcin%22">Kalinowski, Marcin</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Geim%2C+Alexandra+A%2E%22">Geim, Alexandra A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Manovitz%2C+Tom%22">Manovitz, Tom</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bluvstein%2C+Dolev%22">Bluvstein, Dolev</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Sophie+H%2E%22">Li, Sophie H.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Maskara%2C+Nishad%22">Maskara, Nishad</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhou%2C+Hengyun%22">Zhou, Hengyun</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ebadi%2C+Sepehr%22">Ebadi, Sepehr</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xu%2C+Muqing%22">Xu, Muqing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Campo%2C+Joseph%22">Campo, Joseph</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cain%2C+Madelyn%22">Cain, Madelyn</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ostermann%2C+Stefan%22">Ostermann, Stefan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yelin%2C+Susanne+F%2E%22">Yelin, Susanne F.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sachdev%2C+Subir%22">Sachdev, Subir</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Greiner%2C+Markus%22">Greiner, Markus</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vuletić%2C+Vladan%22">Vuletić, Vladan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lukin%2C+Mikhail+D%2E%22">Lukin, Mikhail D.</searchLink>
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  Data: 2025
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  Data: Condensed Matter<br />Physics (Other)<br />Quantum Physics
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Quantum+Physics%22">Quantum Physics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Condensed+Matter+-+Quantum+Gases%22">Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Physics+-+Atomic+Physics%22">Physics - Atomic Physics</searchLink>
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  Data: Quantum simulations of many-body systems are among the most promising applications of quantum computers. In particular, models based on strongly-correlated fermions are central to our understanding of quantum chemistry and materials problems, and can lead to exotic, topological phases of matter. However, due to the non-local nature of fermions, such models are challenging to simulate with qubit devices. Here we realize a digital quantum simulation architecture for two-dimensional fermionic systems based on reconfigurable atom arrays. We utilize a fermion-to-qubit mapping based on Kitaev's model on a honeycomb lattice, in which fermionic statistics are encoded using long-range entangled states. We prepare these states efficiently using measurement and feedforward, realize subsequent fermionic evolution through Floquet engineering with tunable entangling gates interspersed with atom rearrangement, and improve results with built-in error detection. Leveraging this fermion description of the Kitaev spin model, we efficiently prepare topological states across its complex phase diagram and verify the non-Abelian spin liquid phase by evaluating an odd Chern number. We further explore this two-dimensional fermion system by realizing tunable dynamics and directly probing fermion exchange statistics. Finally, we simulate strong interactions and study dynamics of the Fermi-Hubbard model on a square lattice. These results pave the way for digital quantum simulations of complex fermionic systems for materials science, chemistry, and high-energy physics.<br />Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures. Methods: 15 pages, 9 figures
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      – SubjectFull: Quantum Physics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases
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      – SubjectFull: Physics - Atomic Physics
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