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Polarization Calibration of the FAST L-band 19-beam Receiver: I. On-axis Mueller Matrix Parameters

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Title: Polarization Calibration of the FAST L-band 19-beam Receiver: I. On-axis Mueller Matrix Parameters
Authors: Ching, Tao-Chung, Heiles, Carl, Li, Di, Robishaw, Timothy, Chen, Xunzhou, Meng, Lingqi, Yue, You-Ling, Qian, Lei, Liu, Hong-Fei
Publication Year: 2024
Collection: Astrophysics
Subject Terms: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
More Details: We present the polarization calibration of the 19-beam receiver at 1420 MHz within the full illumination of the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope from October 2018 to March 2023. We perform spider observations to characterize the on-axis Mueller matrix of the central beam. The calibrated polarization percentage and polarization angle of a source with strong linear polarization emission are about 0.2\% and 0.5$^{\circ}$. Several parameters of the central-beam Mueller matrix show time variability from months to years, suggesting relatively frequent polarization calibrations are needed. We obtain the Mueller matrix parameters of the 18 off-center beams with the combination of on-the-fly observations and spider observations. The polarization calibration provides consistent fractional Stokes parameters of the 19 beams, although the Mueller matrix parameters of the off-center beams are not as accurate as those of the central beam. The Mueller matrix parameters of the central beam do not show a strong dependence on the reflector surface. However, we notice different off-center Mueller matrix parameters between the eastern and western sides of the reflector surface. We provide average parameters of the 19-beam Mueller matrices which should be applicable to observations from 2020 to 2022 with several caveats. After applying the average parameters, on-axis fractional linear polarization measurements $\gtrsim$ 10\% and on-axis fractional circular polarization measurements $\gtrsim$ 1.5\% can be considered high-confidence detections. For sources with weak polarization, timely polarization calibrations using spider observations are required.
Comment: 16 pages, 13 figures, , Submitted to AJ
Document Type: Working Paper
Access URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2411.18763
Accession Number: edsarx.2411.18763
Database: arXiv
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  Data: Polarization Calibration of the FAST L-band 19-beam Receiver: I. On-axis Mueller Matrix Parameters
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ching%2C+Tao-Chung%22">Ching, Tao-Chung</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Heiles%2C+Carl%22">Heiles, Carl</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Di%22">Li, Di</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Robishaw%2C+Timothy%22">Robishaw, Timothy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+Xunzhou%22">Chen, Xunzhou</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Meng%2C+Lingqi%22">Meng, Lingqi</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yue%2C+You-Ling%22">Yue, You-Ling</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Qian%2C+Lei%22">Qian, Lei</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Hong-Fei%22">Liu, Hong-Fei</searchLink>
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  Data: 2024
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  Label: Description
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  Data: We present the polarization calibration of the 19-beam receiver at 1420 MHz within the full illumination of the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope from October 2018 to March 2023. We perform spider observations to characterize the on-axis Mueller matrix of the central beam. The calibrated polarization percentage and polarization angle of a source with strong linear polarization emission are about 0.2\% and 0.5$^{\circ}$. Several parameters of the central-beam Mueller matrix show time variability from months to years, suggesting relatively frequent polarization calibrations are needed. We obtain the Mueller matrix parameters of the 18 off-center beams with the combination of on-the-fly observations and spider observations. The polarization calibration provides consistent fractional Stokes parameters of the 19 beams, although the Mueller matrix parameters of the off-center beams are not as accurate as those of the central beam. The Mueller matrix parameters of the central beam do not show a strong dependence on the reflector surface. However, we notice different off-center Mueller matrix parameters between the eastern and western sides of the reflector surface. We provide average parameters of the 19-beam Mueller matrices which should be applicable to observations from 2020 to 2022 with several caveats. After applying the average parameters, on-axis fractional linear polarization measurements $\gtrsim$ 10\% and on-axis fractional circular polarization measurements $\gtrsim$ 1.5\% can be considered high-confidence detections. For sources with weak polarization, timely polarization calibrations using spider observations are required.<br />Comment: 16 pages, 13 figures, , Submitted to AJ
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      – SubjectFull: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
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      – TitleFull: Polarization Calibration of the FAST L-band 19-beam Receiver: I. On-axis Mueller Matrix Parameters
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