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Searching for Pulsars, Magnetars, and Fast Radio Bursts in the Sculptor Galaxy using MeerKAT

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Title: Searching for Pulsars, Magnetars, and Fast Radio Bursts in the Sculptor Galaxy using MeerKAT
Authors: Hurter, H., Venter, C., Levin, L., Stappers, B. W., Barr, E. D., Breton, R. P., Buchner, S., Carli, E., Kramer, M., Padmanabh, P. V., Possenti, A., Prayag, V., Turner, J. D.
Source: MNRAS, Volume 533, Issue 4, October 2024, Pages 4268-4273
Publication Year: 2024
Collection: Astrophysics
Subject Terms: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
More Details: The Sculptor Galaxy (NGC 253), located in the Southern Hemisphere, far off the Galactic Plane, has a relatively high star-formation rate of about 7 M$_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$ and hosts a young and bright stellar population, including several super star clusters and supernova remnants. It is also the first galaxy, apart from the Milky Way Galaxy to be associated with two giant magnetar flares. As such, it is a potential host of pulsars and/or fast radio bursts in the nearby Universe. The instantaneous sensitivity and multibeam sky coverage offered by MeerKAT therefore make it a favourable target. We searched for pulsars, radio-emitting magnetars, and fast radio bursts in NGC 253 as part of the TRAPUM large survey project with MeerKAT. We did not find any pulsars during a four-hour observation, and derive a flux density limit of 4.4 $\mu$Jy at 1400 MHz, limiting the pseudo-luminosity of the brightest putative pulsar in this galaxy to 54 Jy kpc$^2$. Assuming universality of pulsar populations between galaxies, we estimate that detecting a pulsar as bright as this limit requires NGC 253 to contain a pulsar population of $\gtrsim$20 000. We also did not detect any single pulses and our single pulse search flux density limit is 62 mJy at 1284 MHz. Our search is sensitive enough to have detected any fast radio bursts and radio emission similar to the brighter pulses seen from the magnetar SGR J1935+2154 if they had occurred during our observation.
Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, added citation in section 3, corrected values in section 4, published in MNRAS
Document Type: Working Paper
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stae1880
Access URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2408.01217
Accession Number: edsarx.2408.01217
Database: arXiv
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  Data: Searching for Pulsars, Magnetars, and Fast Radio Bursts in the Sculptor Galaxy using MeerKAT
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hurter%2C+H%2E%22">Hurter, H.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Venter%2C+C%2E%22">Venter, C.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Levin%2C+L%2E%22">Levin, L.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stappers%2C+B%2E+W%2E%22">Stappers, B. W.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Barr%2C+E%2E+D%2E%22">Barr, E. D.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Breton%2C+R%2E+P%2E%22">Breton, R. P.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Buchner%2C+S%2E%22">Buchner, S.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Carli%2C+E%2E%22">Carli, E.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kramer%2C+M%2E%22">Kramer, M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Padmanabh%2C+P%2E+V%2E%22">Padmanabh, P. V.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Possenti%2C+A%2E%22">Possenti, A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Prayag%2C+V%2E%22">Prayag, V.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Turner%2C+J%2E+D%2E%22">Turner, J. D.</searchLink>
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  Data: MNRAS, Volume 533, Issue 4, October 2024, Pages 4268-4273
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  Data: The Sculptor Galaxy (NGC 253), located in the Southern Hemisphere, far off the Galactic Plane, has a relatively high star-formation rate of about 7 M$_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$ and hosts a young and bright stellar population, including several super star clusters and supernova remnants. It is also the first galaxy, apart from the Milky Way Galaxy to be associated with two giant magnetar flares. As such, it is a potential host of pulsars and/or fast radio bursts in the nearby Universe. The instantaneous sensitivity and multibeam sky coverage offered by MeerKAT therefore make it a favourable target. We searched for pulsars, radio-emitting magnetars, and fast radio bursts in NGC 253 as part of the TRAPUM large survey project with MeerKAT. We did not find any pulsars during a four-hour observation, and derive a flux density limit of 4.4 $\mu$Jy at 1400 MHz, limiting the pseudo-luminosity of the brightest putative pulsar in this galaxy to 54 Jy kpc$^2$. Assuming universality of pulsar populations between galaxies, we estimate that detecting a pulsar as bright as this limit requires NGC 253 to contain a pulsar population of $\gtrsim$20 000. We also did not detect any single pulses and our single pulse search flux density limit is 62 mJy at 1284 MHz. Our search is sensitive enough to have detected any fast radio bursts and radio emission similar to the brighter pulses seen from the magnetar SGR J1935+2154 if they had occurred during our observation.<br />Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, added citation in section 3, corrected values in section 4, published in MNRAS
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