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SN 2021foa, a transitional event between a Type IIn (SN 2009ip-like) and a Type Ibn supernova

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Title: SN 2021foa, a transitional event between a Type IIn (SN 2009ip-like) and a Type Ibn supernova
Authors: Reguitti, A., Pastorello, A., Pignata, G., Fraser, M., Stritzinger, M. D., Brennan, S. J., Cai, Y. -Z., Elias-Rosa, N., Fugazza, D., Gutierrez, C. P., Kankare, E., Kotak, R., Lundqvist, P., Mazzali, P. A., Moran, S., Salmaso, I., Tomasella, L., Valerin, G., Kuncarayakti, H.
Source: A&A 662, L10 (2022)
Publication Year: 2022
Subject Terms: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
More Details: We present photometric and spectroscopic data of the unusual interacting supernova (SN) 2021foa. It rose to an absolute magnitude peak of $M_r=-18$ mag in 20 days. The initial light curve decline shows some luminosity fluctuations before a long-lasting flattening. A faint source ($M_r\sim -14$ mag) was detected in the weeks preceding the main event, showing a slow-rising luminosity trend. The $r$-band absolute light curve is very similar to those of SN 2009ip-like events, with a faint and shorter duration brightening (`Event A') followed by a much brighter peak (`Event B'). The early spectra of SN 2021foa show a blue continuum with narrow ($v_{FWHM}\sim$400 km s$^{-1}$) H emission lines, that, two weeks later, reveal a complex profile, with a narrow P Cygni on top of an intermediate-width ($v_{FWHM}\sim$2700 km s$^{-1}$) component. At +12 days metal lines in emission appear, while \Hei lines become very strong, with \Hei~$\lambda$5876 reaching half of the \Ha luminosity, much higher than in previous SN 2009ip-like objects. We propose SN 2021foa to be a transitional event between the H-rich SN 2009ip-like SNe and the He-rich Type Ibn SNe.
Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, submitted to A&AL after addressing the reviewer's comments
Document Type: Working Paper
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202243340
Access URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2206.00625
Accession Number: edsarx.2206.00625
Database: arXiv
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  Data: SN 2021foa, a transitional event between a Type IIn (SN 2009ip-like) and a Type Ibn supernova
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Reguitti%2C+A%2E%22">Reguitti, A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pastorello%2C+A%2E%22">Pastorello, A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pignata%2C+G%2E%22">Pignata, G.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fraser%2C+M%2E%22">Fraser, M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stritzinger%2C+M%2E+D%2E%22">Stritzinger, M. D.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Brennan%2C+S%2E+J%2E%22">Brennan, S. J.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cai%2C+Y%2E+-Z%2E%22">Cai, Y. -Z.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Elias-Rosa%2C+N%2E%22">Elias-Rosa, N.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fugazza%2C+D%2E%22">Fugazza, D.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gutierrez%2C+C%2E+P%2E%22">Gutierrez, C. P.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kankare%2C+E%2E%22">Kankare, E.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kotak%2C+R%2E%22">Kotak, R.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lundqvist%2C+P%2E%22">Lundqvist, P.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mazzali%2C+P%2E+A%2E%22">Mazzali, P. A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Moran%2C+S%2E%22">Moran, S.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Salmaso%2C+I%2E%22">Salmaso, I.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tomasella%2C+L%2E%22">Tomasella, L.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Valerin%2C+G%2E%22">Valerin, G.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kuncarayakti%2C+H%2E%22">Kuncarayakti, H.</searchLink>
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  Data: We present photometric and spectroscopic data of the unusual interacting supernova (SN) 2021foa. It rose to an absolute magnitude peak of $M_r=-18$ mag in 20 days. The initial light curve decline shows some luminosity fluctuations before a long-lasting flattening. A faint source ($M_r\sim -14$ mag) was detected in the weeks preceding the main event, showing a slow-rising luminosity trend. The $r$-band absolute light curve is very similar to those of SN 2009ip-like events, with a faint and shorter duration brightening (`Event A') followed by a much brighter peak (`Event B'). The early spectra of SN 2021foa show a blue continuum with narrow ($v_{FWHM}\sim$400 km s$^{-1}$) H emission lines, that, two weeks later, reveal a complex profile, with a narrow P Cygni on top of an intermediate-width ($v_{FWHM}\sim$2700 km s$^{-1}$) component. At +12 days metal lines in emission appear, while \Hei lines become very strong, with \Hei~$\lambda$5876 reaching half of the \Ha luminosity, much higher than in previous SN 2009ip-like objects. We propose SN 2021foa to be a transitional event between the H-rich SN 2009ip-like SNe and the He-rich Type Ibn SNe.<br />Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, submitted to A&AL after addressing the reviewer's comments
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