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Investigation of two Fermi-LAT gamma-ray blazars coincident with high-energy neutrinos detected by IceCube

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Title: Investigation of two Fermi-LAT gamma-ray blazars coincident with high-energy neutrinos detected by IceCube
Authors: Garrappa, S., Buson, S., Franckowiak, A., Shappee, B. J., Beacom, J. F., Dong, S., Holoien, T. W. -S., Kochanek, C. S., Prieto, J. L., Stanek, K. Z., Thompson, T. A., Aartsen, M. G., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Alispach, C., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Anton, G., Argüelles, C., Auffenberg, J., Axani, S., Backes, P., Bagherpour, H., Bai, X., Barbano, A., Barwick, S. W., Baum, V., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Becker, K. -H., Tjus, J. Becker, BenZvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Bohm, C., Börner, M., Böser, S., Botner, O., Bourbeau, E., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Bretz, H. -P., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Burgman, A., Busse, R. S., Carver, T., Chen, C., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Clark, K., Classen, L., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dave, P., de André, J. P. A. M., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J. J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., De Ridder, S., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dujmovic, H., Dunkman, M., Dvorak, E., Eberhardt, B., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Felde, J., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Gerhardt, L., Ghorbani, K., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Grant, D., Griffith, Z., Günder, M., Gündüz, M., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Hanson, K., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Henningsen, F., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Jacobi, E., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jero, K., Jones, B. J. P., Kang, W., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Keivani, A., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kim, J., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Krückl, G., Kulacz, N., Kunwar, S., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Labare, M., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., Leonard, K., Leuermann, M., Liu, Q. R., Lohfink, E., Mariscal, C. J. Lozano, Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Lünemann, J., Luszczak, W., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Mallot, K., Mancina, S., Mariş, I. C., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Menne, T., Merino, G., Meures, T., Miarecki, S., Micallef, J., Momenté, G., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Moulai, M., Nagai, R., Nahnhauer, R., Nakarmi, P., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Niederhausen, H., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, Olivas, A., O'Murchadha, A., O'Sullivan, E., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Park, N., Peiffer, P., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Pieloth, D., Pinat, E., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rauch, L., Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk, D., Safa, I., Herrera, S. E. Sanchez, Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Schaufel, M., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schumacher, L., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Silva, M., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stasik, A., Stein, R., Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stößl, A., Strotjohann, N. L., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Sutherland, M., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tilav, S., Tomankova, L., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C. F., Ty, B., Unger, E., Elorrieta, M. A. Unland, Usner, M., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Driessche, W., van Eijk, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vanheule, S., van Santen, J., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Wandkowsky, N., Watson, T. B., Weaver, C., Weiss, M. J., Weldert, J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Westerhoff, S., Whelan, B. J., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, J., Wood, T. R., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Xu, D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T.
Source: ApJ 880 103, 2019
Publication Year: 2019
Collection: Astrophysics
Subject Terms: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
More Details: After the identification of the gamma-ray blazar TXS 0506+056 as the first compelling IceCube neutrino source candidate, we perform a systematic analysis of all high-energy neutrino events satisfying the IceCube realtime trigger criteria. We find one additional known gamma-ray source, the blazar GB6 J1040+0617, in spatial coincidence with a neutrino in this sample. The chance probability of this coincidence is 30% after trial correction. For the first time, we present a systematic study of the gamma-ray flux, spectral and optical variability, and multi-wavelength behavior of GB6 J1040+0617 and compare it to TXS 0506+056. We find that TXS 0506+056 shows strong flux variability in the Fermi-LAT gamma-ray band, being in an active state around the arrival of IceCube-170922A, but in a low state during the archival IceCube neutrino flare in 2014/15. In both cases the spectral shape is statistically compatible ($\leq 2\sigma$) with the average spectrum showing no indication of a significant relative increase of a high-energy component. While the association of GB6 J1040+0617 with the neutrino is consistent with background expectations, the source appears to be a plausible neutrino source candidate based on its energetics and multi-wavelength features, namely a bright optical flare and modestly increased gamma-ray activity. Finding one or two neutrinos originating from gamma-ray blazars in the given sample of high-energy neutrinos is consistent with previously derived limits of neutrino emission from gamma-ray blazars, indicating the sources of the majority of cosmic high-energy neutrinos remain unknown.
Comment: 22 pages, 11 figures, 2 Tables
Document Type: Working Paper
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab2ada
Access URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/1901.10806
Accession Number: edsarx.1901.10806
Database: arXiv
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– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: ApJ 880 103, 2019
– Name: DatePubCY
  Label: Publication Year
  Group: Date
  Data: 2019
– Name: Subset
  Label: Collection
  Group: HoldingsInfo
  Data: Astrophysics
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Astrophysics+-+High+Energy+Astrophysical+Phenomena%22">Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Description
  Group: Ab
  Data: After the identification of the gamma-ray blazar TXS 0506+056 as the first compelling IceCube neutrino source candidate, we perform a systematic analysis of all high-energy neutrino events satisfying the IceCube realtime trigger criteria. We find one additional known gamma-ray source, the blazar GB6 J1040+0617, in spatial coincidence with a neutrino in this sample. The chance probability of this coincidence is 30% after trial correction. For the first time, we present a systematic study of the gamma-ray flux, spectral and optical variability, and multi-wavelength behavior of GB6 J1040+0617 and compare it to TXS 0506+056. We find that TXS 0506+056 shows strong flux variability in the Fermi-LAT gamma-ray band, being in an active state around the arrival of IceCube-170922A, but in a low state during the archival IceCube neutrino flare in 2014/15. In both cases the spectral shape is statistically compatible ($\leq 2\sigma$) with the average spectrum showing no indication of a significant relative increase of a high-energy component. While the association of GB6 J1040+0617 with the neutrino is consistent with background expectations, the source appears to be a plausible neutrino source candidate based on its energetics and multi-wavelength features, namely a bright optical flare and modestly increased gamma-ray activity. Finding one or two neutrinos originating from gamma-ray blazars in the given sample of high-energy neutrinos is consistent with previously derived limits of neutrino emission from gamma-ray blazars, indicating the sources of the majority of cosmic high-energy neutrinos remain unknown.<br />Comment: 22 pages, 11 figures, 2 Tables
– Name: TypeDocument
  Label: Document Type
  Group: TypDoc
  Data: Working Paper
– Name: DOI
  Label: DOI
  Group: ID
  Data: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab2ada
– Name: URL
  Label: Access URL
  Group: URL
  Data: <link linkTarget="URL" linkTerm="http://arxiv.org/abs/1901.10806" linkWindow="_blank">http://arxiv.org/abs/1901.10806</link>
– Name: AN
  Label: Accession Number
  Group: ID
  Data: edsarx.1901.10806
PLink https://login.libproxy.scu.edu/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&scope=site&db=edsarx&AN=edsarx.1901.10806
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        Value: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab2ada
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      – SubjectFull: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Investigation of two Fermi-LAT gamma-ray blazars coincident with high-energy neutrinos detected by IceCube
        Type: main
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      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Halve, L.
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Halzen, F.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Hanson, K.
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Hebecker, D.
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Heereman, D.
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Helbing, K.
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Hellauer, R.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Henningsen, F.
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Hickford, S.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Hignight, J.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Hill, G. C.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Hoffman, K. D.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Hoffmann, R.
      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Hokanson-Fasig, B.
      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Iovine, N.
      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Kappes, A.
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Kappesser, D.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Kheirandish, A.
      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Micallef, J.
      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: O'Murchadha, A.
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            NameFull: O'Sullivan, E.
      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Robertson, S.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Rongen, M.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Rott, C.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Ruhe, T.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Ryckbosch, D.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Rysewyk, D.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Sandrock, A.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Sandroos, J.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Sarkar, S.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Satalecka, K.
      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Schumacher, L.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Seckel, D.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Seunarine, S.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Snihur, R.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Soedingrekso, J.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Song, M.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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          Dates:
            – D: 30
              M: 01
              Type: published
              Y: 2019
ResultId 1