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Impact of vaccination on COVID-19 severity during the second wave in Brunei Darussalam, 2021.

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Title: Impact of vaccination on COVID-19 severity during the second wave in Brunei Darussalam, 2021.
Authors: Chee Fui Chong, Abdullah, Muhd Syafiq, Pui Lin Chong, Asli, Rosmonaliza, Mani, Babu Ivan, Momin, Natalie Raimiza, Wong, Justin, Rahman, Noor Affizan, Tan, Jackson, Vui Heng Chong
Source: Western Pacific Surveillance & Response Journal; Jan-Mar2024, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p9-19, 11p
Subject Terms: COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19 vaccines, VACCINATION status, SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant, COVID-19, CORONAVIRUS diseases, OBESITY
Geographic Terms: BRUNEI
Abstract: Objective: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccinations have been shown to prevent infection with efficacies ranging from 50% to 95%. This study assesses the impact of vaccination on the clinical severity of COVID-19 during the second wave in Brunei Darussalam in 2021, which was due to the Delta variant. Methods: Patients included in this study were randomly selected from those who were admitted with COVID-19 to the National Isolation Centre between 7 August and 6 October 2021. Cases were categorized as asymptomatic, mild (symptomatic without pneumonia), moderate (pneumonia), severe (needing supplemental oxygen therapy) or critical (needing mechanical ventilation) but for statistical analysis purposes were dichotomized into asymptomatic/mild or moderate/severe/critical cases. Univariate and multivariable analyses were conducted to identify risk factors associated with moderate/severe/critical disease. Propensity score-matched analysis was also performed to evaluate the impact of vaccination on disease severity. Results: The study cohort of 788 cases (mean age: 42.1 ± 14.6 years; 400 males) comprised 471 (59.8%) asymptomatic/ mild and 317 (40.2%) moderate/severe/critical cases. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed older age group (≥45 years), diabetes mellitus, overweight/obesity and vaccination status to be associated with increased severity of disease. In propensity score-matched analysis, the relative risk of developing moderate/severe/critical COVID-19 for fully vaccinated (two doses) and partially vaccinated (one dose) cases was 0.33 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.16-0.69) and 0.62 (95% CI: 0.46-0.82), respectively, compared with a control group of non-vaccinated cases. The corresponding relative risk reduction (RRR) values were 66.5% and 38.4%, respectively. Vaccination was also protective against moderate/severe/ critical disease in a subgroup of overweight/obese patients (RRR: 37.2%, P = 0.007). Discussion: Among those who contracted COVID-19, older age, having diabetes, being overweight/obese and being unvaccinated were significant risk factors for moderate/severe/critical disease. Vaccination, even partial, was protective against moderate/severe/critical disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Western Pacific Surveillance & Response Journal is the property of World Health Organization and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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Items – Name: Title
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  Data: Impact of vaccination on COVID-19 severity during the second wave in Brunei Darussalam, 2021.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chee+Fui+Chong%22">Chee Fui Chong</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Abdullah%2C+Muhd+Syafiq%22">Abdullah, Muhd Syafiq</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pui+Lin+Chong%22">Pui Lin Chong</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Asli%2C+Rosmonaliza%22">Asli, Rosmonaliza</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mani%2C+Babu+Ivan%22">Mani, Babu Ivan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Momin%2C+Natalie+Raimiza%22">Momin, Natalie Raimiza</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wong%2C+Justin%22">Wong, Justin</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rahman%2C+Noor+Affizan%22">Rahman, Noor Affizan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tan%2C+Jackson%22">Tan, Jackson</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vui+Heng+Chong%22">Vui Heng Chong</searchLink>
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  Label: Source
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  Data: Western Pacific Surveillance & Response Journal; Jan-Mar2024, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p9-19, 11p
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22COVID-19+pandemic%22">COVID-19 pandemic</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22COVID-19+vaccines%22">COVID-19 vaccines</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22VACCINATION+status%22">VACCINATION status</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22SARS-CoV-2+Delta+variant%22">SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22COVID-19%22">COVID-19</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22CORONAVIRUS+diseases%22">CORONAVIRUS diseases</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22OBESITY%22">OBESITY</searchLink>
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  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22BRUNEI%22">BRUNEI</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Objective: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccinations have been shown to prevent infection with efficacies ranging from 50% to 95%. This study assesses the impact of vaccination on the clinical severity of COVID-19 during the second wave in Brunei Darussalam in 2021, which was due to the Delta variant. Methods: Patients included in this study were randomly selected from those who were admitted with COVID-19 to the National Isolation Centre between 7 August and 6 October 2021. Cases were categorized as asymptomatic, mild (symptomatic without pneumonia), moderate (pneumonia), severe (needing supplemental oxygen therapy) or critical (needing mechanical ventilation) but for statistical analysis purposes were dichotomized into asymptomatic/mild or moderate/severe/critical cases. Univariate and multivariable analyses were conducted to identify risk factors associated with moderate/severe/critical disease. Propensity score-matched analysis was also performed to evaluate the impact of vaccination on disease severity. Results: The study cohort of 788 cases (mean age: 42.1 ± 14.6 years; 400 males) comprised 471 (59.8%) asymptomatic/ mild and 317 (40.2%) moderate/severe/critical cases. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed older age group (≥45 years), diabetes mellitus, overweight/obesity and vaccination status to be associated with increased severity of disease. In propensity score-matched analysis, the relative risk of developing moderate/severe/critical COVID-19 for fully vaccinated (two doses) and partially vaccinated (one dose) cases was 0.33 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.16-0.69) and 0.62 (95% CI: 0.46-0.82), respectively, compared with a control group of non-vaccinated cases. The corresponding relative risk reduction (RRR) values were 66.5% and 38.4%, respectively. Vaccination was also protective against moderate/severe/ critical disease in a subgroup of overweight/obese patients (RRR: 37.2%, P = 0.007). Discussion: Among those who contracted COVID-19, older age, having diabetes, being overweight/obese and being unvaccinated were significant risk factors for moderate/severe/critical disease. Vaccination, even partial, was protective against moderate/severe/critical disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Western Pacific Surveillance & Response Journal is the property of World Health Organization and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.5365/wpsar.2024.15.1.992
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 11
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      – SubjectFull: BRUNEI
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              Text: Jan-Mar2024
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