Chapter Six - T cell immune response within B-cell follicles.
| Title: | Chapter Six - T cell immune response within B-cell follicles. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Qizhao Huang, Lifan Xu, Lilin Ye |
| Source: | Advances in Immunology; 2019, Vol. 144, p155-171, 17p |
| Subject Terms: | T cells, T helper cells, CYTOTOXIC T cells, SUPPRESSOR cells, IMMUNE response |
| Abstract: | B-cell follicle represents a functionally dynamic microstructure within second lymphoid tissues, predominantly consisting of B cells, follicular T cells and DCs. Through intimate interactions with cognate B cells, follicular helper T cells (Tfh) initiate and facilitate germinal center (GC) reactions by providing signals required for producing high-affinity antibodies, as well as for the generation of long-lived antibody-secreting plasma cells and memory B cells. Concomitantly, germinal center reaction needs to be fine controlled to avoid autoimmunity or B-cell malignancies. Among immune cells residing in follicles, follicular regulatory T cells (Tfr), converted from naïve Treg cells, are specifically assigned to repress excessive GC responses by suppressing Tfh and GC B cells within GC structure. Hence, through Yin and Yang (positive and negative) regulation of GC reaction, Tfh cells play concert with Tfr cells in maintaining immune homeostasis. Besides CD4+ T cells, a small portion of CXCR5 expressing CD8+ T cells, regarded as follicular cytotoxic T cells (Tfc), could migrate into B cell follicles during chronic viral infection and several types of cancers, and this population exhibit lower level of exhaustion than its CXCR5- counterparts. Besides, Tfc cells demonstrate a stem-cell like phenotype during chronic infection which could further differentiate into terminally differentiated CXCR5- CD8+ T cells. Collectively, in this review, we will discuss the recent advances in our understanding of the ontology and differentiation of B-cell follicle resident Tfh, Tfr and Tfc cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Supplemental Index |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Chapter Six - T cell immune response within B-cell follicles. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Qizhao+Huang%22">Qizhao Huang</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lifan+Xu%22">Lifan Xu</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lilin+Ye%22">Lilin Ye</searchLink> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: Advances in Immunology; 2019, Vol. 144, p155-171, 17p – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22T+cells%22">T cells</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22T+helper+cells%22">T helper cells</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22CYTOTOXIC+T+cells%22">CYTOTOXIC T cells</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22SUPPRESSOR+cells%22">SUPPRESSOR cells</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22IMMUNE+response%22">IMMUNE response</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: B-cell follicle represents a functionally dynamic microstructure within second lymphoid tissues, predominantly consisting of B cells, follicular T cells and DCs. Through intimate interactions with cognate B cells, follicular helper T cells (Tfh) initiate and facilitate germinal center (GC) reactions by providing signals required for producing high-affinity antibodies, as well as for the generation of long-lived antibody-secreting plasma cells and memory B cells. Concomitantly, germinal center reaction needs to be fine controlled to avoid autoimmunity or B-cell malignancies. Among immune cells residing in follicles, follicular regulatory T cells (Tfr), converted from naïve Treg cells, are specifically assigned to repress excessive GC responses by suppressing Tfh and GC B cells within GC structure. Hence, through Yin and Yang (positive and negative) regulation of GC reaction, Tfh cells play concert with Tfr cells in maintaining immune homeostasis. Besides CD4<superscript>+</superscript> T cells, a small portion of CXCR5 expressing CD8<superscript>+</superscript> T cells, regarded as follicular cytotoxic T cells (Tfc), could migrate into B cell follicles during chronic viral infection and several types of cancers, and this population exhibit lower level of exhaustion than its CXCR5<superscript>-</superscript> counterparts. Besides, Tfc cells demonstrate a stem-cell like phenotype during chronic infection which could further differentiate into terminally differentiated CXCR5<superscript>-</superscript> CD8<superscript>+</superscript> T cells. Collectively, in this review, we will discuss the recent advances in our understanding of the ontology and differentiation of B-cell follicle resident Tfh, Tfr and Tfc cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: Abstract Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Advances in Immunology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1016/bs.ai.2019.08.008 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 17 StartPage: 155 Subjects: – SubjectFull: T cells Type: general – SubjectFull: T helper cells Type: general – SubjectFull: CYTOTOXIC T cells Type: general – SubjectFull: SUPPRESSOR cells Type: general – SubjectFull: IMMUNE response Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Chapter Six - T cell immune response within B-cell follicles. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Qizhao Huang – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Lifan Xu – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Lilin Ye IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 10 Text: 2019 Type: published Y: 2019 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 00652776 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 144 Titles: – TitleFull: Advances in Immunology Type: main |
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