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Application of an Adaptive Nudging Scheme in Air Quality Forecasting in China.

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Title: Application of an Adaptive Nudging Scheme in Air Quality Forecasting in China.
Authors: Xiangde Xu, Lian Xie, Xinghong Cheng, Jianming Xu, Xiuji Zhou, Guoan Ding
Source: Journal of Applied Meteorology & Climatology; Aug2008, Vol. 47 Issue 8, p2105-2114, 10p, 3 Charts, 6 Graphs
Subject Terms: GEOPHYSICAL prediction, AIR quality, WEATHER forecasting, FUTUROLOGISTS, AIR pollution, EMISSIONS (Air pollution), PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of sulfur dioxide, NITROGEN dioxide
Geographic Terms: CHINA
Abstract: A major challenge for air quality forecasters is to reduce the uncertainty of air pollution emission inventory. Error in the emission data is a primary source of error in air quality forecasts, much like the effect of error in the initial conditions on the accuracy of weather forecasting. Data assimilation has been widely used to improve weather forecasting by correcting the initial conditions with weather observations. In a similar way, observed concentrations of air pollutants can be used to correct the errors in the emission data. In this study, a new method is developed for estimating air pollution emissions based on a Newtonian relaxation and nudging technique. Case studies for the period of 1–25 August 2006 in 47 cities in China indicate that the nudging technique resulted in improved estimations of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) emissions in the majority of these cities. Predictions of SO2 and NO2 concentrations in January, April, August, and October using the emission estimations derived from the nudging technique showed remarkable improvements over those based on the original emission data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Applied Meteorology & Climatology is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Application of an Adaptive Nudging Scheme in Air Quality Forecasting in China.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xiangde+Xu%22">Xiangde Xu</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lian+Xie%22">Lian Xie</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xinghong+Cheng%22">Xinghong Cheng</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jianming+Xu%22">Jianming Xu</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xiuji+Zhou%22">Xiuji Zhou</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Guoan+Ding%22">Guoan Ding</searchLink>
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: Journal of Applied Meteorology & Climatology; Aug2008, Vol. 47 Issue 8, p2105-2114, 10p, 3 Charts, 6 Graphs
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22GEOPHYSICAL+prediction%22">GEOPHYSICAL prediction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22AIR+quality%22">AIR quality</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22WEATHER+forecasting%22">WEATHER forecasting</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22FUTUROLOGISTS%22">FUTUROLOGISTS</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22AIR+pollution%22">AIR pollution</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22EMISSIONS+%28Air+pollution%29%22">EMISSIONS (Air pollution)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22PHYSIOLOGICAL+effects+of+sulfur+dioxide%22">PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of sulfur dioxide</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22NITROGEN+dioxide%22">NITROGEN dioxide</searchLink>
– Name: SubjectGeographic
  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22CHINA%22">CHINA</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: A major challenge for air quality forecasters is to reduce the uncertainty of air pollution emission inventory. Error in the emission data is a primary source of error in air quality forecasts, much like the effect of error in the initial conditions on the accuracy of weather forecasting. Data assimilation has been widely used to improve weather forecasting by correcting the initial conditions with weather observations. In a similar way, observed concentrations of air pollutants can be used to correct the errors in the emission data. In this study, a new method is developed for estimating air pollution emissions based on a Newtonian relaxation and nudging technique. Case studies for the period of 1–25 August 2006 in 47 cities in China indicate that the nudging technique resulted in improved estimations of sulfur dioxide (SO<subscript>2</subscript>) and nitrogen dioxide (NO<subscript>2</subscript>) emissions in the majority of these cities. Predictions of SO<subscript>2</subscript> and NO<subscript>2</subscript> concentrations in January, April, August, and October using the emission estimations derived from the nudging technique showed remarkable improvements over those based on the original emission data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Applied Meteorology & Climatology is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1175/2008JAMC1737.1
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 10
        StartPage: 2105
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: CHINA
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: GEOPHYSICAL prediction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: AIR quality
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: WEATHER forecasting
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: FUTUROLOGISTS
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: AIR pollution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of sulfur dioxide
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: NITROGEN dioxide
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Application of an Adaptive Nudging Scheme in Air Quality Forecasting in China.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Xiangde Xu
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Lian Xie
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Xinghong Cheng
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Jianming Xu
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Xiuji Zhou
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Guoan Ding
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 08
              Text: Aug2008
              Type: published
              Y: 2008
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 15588424
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 47
            – Type: issue
              Value: 8
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Journal of Applied Meteorology & Climatology
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