Vaginal Bacteria and Proinflammatory Host Immune Mediators as Biomarkers of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Acquisition Risk Among African Women.
| Title: | Vaginal Bacteria and Proinflammatory Host Immune Mediators as Biomarkers of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Acquisition Risk Among African Women. |
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| Authors: | Srinivasan, Sujatha, Richardson, Barbra A, Wallis, Jacqueline M, Fiedler, Tina L, Strenk, Susan M, Hoffman, Noah G, Proll, Sean, Chirenje, Z Mike, Livant, Edward W, Fredricks, David N, Hillier, Sharon L, Marrazzo, Jeanne M |
| Source: | Journal of Infectious Diseases; 12/15/2024, Vol. 230 Issue 6, p1444-1455, 12p |
| Subject Terms: | HIV infections, HIV, GENERALIZED estimating equations, FACTOR analysis, ODDS ratio |
| Abstract: | Background Few investigations have assessed contributions of both vaginal bacteria and proinflammatory immune mediators to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition risk in a prospective cohort. Methods We conducted a nested case-control study of African women who participated in a randomized placebo-controlled trial of daily oral versus vaginal tenofovir-based preexposure prophylaxis for HIV infection. Vaginal concentrations of 23 bacterial taxa and 16 immune mediators were measured. Relationships between individual bacterial concentrations or immune mediators and HIV risk were analyzed using generalized estimating equations in a multivariable model. Factor analysis assessed relationships between combinations of bacterial taxa, immune mediators, and HIV acquisition risk. Results We identified 177 HIV pre-seroconversion visits from 150 women who acquired HIV and 531 visits from 436 women who remained HIV uninfected. Fourteen bacterial taxa and 6 proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines were individually associated with greater HIV risk after adjusting for confounders. Women with all 14 taxa versus <14 taxa (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 4.45 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 2.20–8.98]; P <.001) or all 6 immune mediators versus <6 mediators (aOR, 1.77 [95% CI, 1.24–2.52]; P <.001) had greater risk for HIV acquisition. Factor analysis demonstrated that a bacterial factor comprised of 14 high-risk bacterial taxa (aOR, 1.57 [95% CI, 1.27–1.93]; P < 0.001) and the interferon gamma–induced protein 10 (highest quartile: aOR, 3.19 [95% CI, 1.32–7.72]; P = 0.002) contributed to the highest HIV risk. Conclusions Bacterial and host biomarkers for predicting HIV acquisition risk identify women at greatest risk for HIV infection and can focus prevention efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Complementary Index |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Vaginal Bacteria and Proinflammatory Host Immune Mediators as Biomarkers of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Acquisition Risk Among African Women. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Srinivasan%2C+Sujatha%22">Srinivasan, Sujatha</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Richardson%2C+Barbra+A%22">Richardson, Barbra A</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wallis%2C+Jacqueline+M%22">Wallis, Jacqueline M</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fiedler%2C+Tina+L%22">Fiedler, Tina L</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Strenk%2C+Susan+M%22">Strenk, Susan M</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hoffman%2C+Noah+G%22">Hoffman, Noah G</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Proll%2C+Sean%22">Proll, Sean</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chirenje%2C+Z+Mike%22">Chirenje, Z Mike</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Livant%2C+Edward+W%22">Livant, Edward W</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fredricks%2C+David+N%22">Fredricks, David N</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hillier%2C+Sharon+L%22">Hillier, Sharon L</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Marrazzo%2C+Jeanne+M%22">Marrazzo, Jeanne M</searchLink> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: Journal of Infectious Diseases; 12/15/2024, Vol. 230 Issue 6, p1444-1455, 12p – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22HIV+infections%22">HIV infections</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22HIV%22">HIV</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22GENERALIZED+estimating+equations%22">GENERALIZED estimating equations</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22FACTOR+analysis%22">FACTOR analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22ODDS+ratio%22">ODDS ratio</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Background Few investigations have assessed contributions of both vaginal bacteria and proinflammatory immune mediators to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition risk in a prospective cohort. Methods We conducted a nested case-control study of African women who participated in a randomized placebo-controlled trial of daily oral versus vaginal tenofovir-based preexposure prophylaxis for HIV infection. Vaginal concentrations of 23 bacterial taxa and 16 immune mediators were measured. Relationships between individual bacterial concentrations or immune mediators and HIV risk were analyzed using generalized estimating equations in a multivariable model. Factor analysis assessed relationships between combinations of bacterial taxa, immune mediators, and HIV acquisition risk. Results We identified 177 HIV pre-seroconversion visits from 150 women who acquired HIV and 531 visits from 436 women who remained HIV uninfected. Fourteen bacterial taxa and 6 proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines were individually associated with greater HIV risk after adjusting for confounders. Women with all 14 taxa versus <14 taxa (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 4.45 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 2.20–8.98]; P <.001) or all 6 immune mediators versus <6 mediators (aOR, 1.77 [95% CI, 1.24–2.52]; P <.001) had greater risk for HIV acquisition. Factor analysis demonstrated that a bacterial factor comprised of 14 high-risk bacterial taxa (aOR, 1.57 [95% CI, 1.27–1.93]; P < 0.001) and the interferon gamma–induced protein 10 (highest quartile: aOR, 3.19 [95% CI, 1.32–7.72]; P = 0.002) contributed to the highest HIV risk. Conclusions Bacterial and host biomarkers for predicting HIV acquisition risk identify women at greatest risk for HIV infection and can focus prevention efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: Abstract Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Infectious Diseases is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1093/infdis/jiae406 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 12 StartPage: 1444 Subjects: – SubjectFull: HIV infections Type: general – SubjectFull: HIV Type: general – SubjectFull: GENERALIZED estimating equations Type: general – SubjectFull: FACTOR analysis Type: general – SubjectFull: ODDS ratio Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Vaginal Bacteria and Proinflammatory Host Immune Mediators as Biomarkers of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Acquisition Risk Among African Women. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Srinivasan, Sujatha – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Richardson, Barbra A – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Wallis, Jacqueline M – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Fiedler, Tina L – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Strenk, Susan M – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Hoffman, Noah G – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Proll, Sean – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Chirenje, Z Mike – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Livant, Edward W – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Fredricks, David N – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Hillier, Sharon L – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Marrazzo, Jeanne M IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 15 M: 12 Text: 12/15/2024 Type: published Y: 2024 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 00221899 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 230 – Type: issue Value: 6 Titles: – TitleFull: Journal of Infectious Diseases Type: main |
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