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Pediatric Rash Illness Outbreak with Initial Positive Measles Immunoglobulin M Antibody Test Results -- American Samoa, March--July 2023.

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Title: Pediatric Rash Illness Outbreak with Initial Positive Measles Immunoglobulin M Antibody Test Results -- American Samoa, March--July 2023.
Authors: Stefanos, Ruth, Schatzman, Sabrina, Wakeman, Brian, Raines, Kelley, Radhakrishnan, Lakshmi, Filardo, Thomas D., Crooke, Stephen N., Bankamp, Bettina, Beard, R. Suzanne, Terry Fei Fan Ng, Marine, Rachel L., Tong, Suxiang, Konrote, Adam, Johansson, Astrid M., Fa'alevao Ilimaleota, Annette, Tuileama Nua, Motusa, Kemble, Sarah K., Desmond, Edward, Rota, Paul A., Routh, Janell A.
Source: MMWR: Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report; 11/14/2024, Vol. 73 Issue 45, p1030-1035, 6p
Subject Terms: MEASLES, IMMUNOGLOBULIN M, PUBLIC health, VACCINATION, IMMUNOGLOBULINS
Abstract: On April 24, 2023, the American Samoa Department of Health (ASDoH) declared a public health emergency amid concern about a possible measles outbreak given low 2-dose vaccination coverage at the time. ASDoH had received two positive measles immunoglobulin (Ig) M test results after Flag Day festivities 1 week earlier from vaccinated children. ASDoH performed active case finding, took actions to mitigate transmission, and requested technical assistance from CDC. ASDoH implemented a vaccination campaign to improve suboptimal coverage. Confirmatory molecular testing of specimens from these initial persons under investigation (PUIs) was not possible, but subsequent testing of specimens from additional PUIs by Hawaii State Laboratories Division and CDC ruled out measles. In settings with low measles prevalence, measles antibody testing results have low positive predictive value and can lead to difficulties with interpreting results. Testing for additional pathogens revealed a variety of viruses known to cause common childhood viral exanthems. Both molecular and serologic testing should be performed for all suspected measles cases. To decrease the probability of false-positive IgM results, testing should be reserved for cases that meet the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists measles case definition, especially those in persons with no evidence of immunity and with a history of recent international travel. In addition, maintaining high measles vaccination coverage can prevent future outbreaks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of MMWR: Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report is the property of Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Pediatric Rash Illness Outbreak with Initial Positive Measles Immunoglobulin M Antibody Test Results -- American Samoa, March--July 2023.
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  Data: MMWR: Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report; 11/14/2024, Vol. 73 Issue 45, p1030-1035, 6p
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  Data: On April 24, 2023, the American Samoa Department of Health (ASDoH) declared a public health emergency amid concern about a possible measles outbreak given low 2-dose vaccination coverage at the time. ASDoH had received two positive measles immunoglobulin (Ig) M test results after Flag Day festivities 1 week earlier from vaccinated children. ASDoH performed active case finding, took actions to mitigate transmission, and requested technical assistance from CDC. ASDoH implemented a vaccination campaign to improve suboptimal coverage. Confirmatory molecular testing of specimens from these initial persons under investigation (PUIs) was not possible, but subsequent testing of specimens from additional PUIs by Hawaii State Laboratories Division and CDC ruled out measles. In settings with low measles prevalence, measles antibody testing results have low positive predictive value and can lead to difficulties with interpreting results. Testing for additional pathogens revealed a variety of viruses known to cause common childhood viral exanthems. Both molecular and serologic testing should be performed for all suspected measles cases. To decrease the probability of false-positive IgM results, testing should be reserved for cases that meet the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists measles case definition, especially those in persons with no evidence of immunity and with a history of recent international travel. In addition, maintaining high measles vaccination coverage can prevent future outbreaks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of MMWR: Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report is the property of Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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