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Epidemiology of Campylobacter Species Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Retrospective Multicentric Case-Control Study in France.

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Title: Epidemiology of Campylobacter Species Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Retrospective Multicentric Case-Control Study in France.
Authors: Bos, Feline, Gueneau, Romain, Crepin, Thomas, Tinévez, Claire, Taton, Benjamin, Couzi, Lionel, Moreau, Karine, Schvartz, Betoul, Perrin, Peggy, Gatault, Philippe, Scemla, Anne, Chatelet-Pouliquen, Valérie, Levi, Charlène, Kamar, Nassim, Lanternier, Fanny, Neau, Didier, Merville, Pierre, Lehours, Philippe, Puges, Mathilde, Kaminski, Hannah
Source: Open Forum Infectious Diseases; Sep2024, Vol. 11 Issue 9, p1-8, 8p
Subject Terms: CAMPYLOBACTER infections, LYMPHOCYTE count, GLOMERULAR filtration rate, KIDNEY transplantation, DRUG resistance in microorganisms
Abstract: Background Campylobacteriosis in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) is the most common identified bacterial cause of diarrhea. Risk factors in KTRs are unknown. Methods A 10-year multicentric, retrospective 1:1 case-control study was performed in France between 2010 and 2020. The main aim was to identify factors associated with Campylobacter -related infection in KTRs. The KTRs with a functional graft and campylobacteriosis (positive stool culture and/or blood culture and/or positive nucleic amplification test) and their controls matched on transplantation date within the same center were included. Results We identified 326 patients with campylobacteriosis. The estimated incidence rate of campylobacteriosis was 2.3/1000 patient-years. The infection occurred at a median of 2.4 years posttransplantation. The independent risk factors for campylobacteriosis were use of corticosteroids as maintenance regimen (75.8% vs 66%; P <.001), acute rejection (8.9% vs 4%; P =.048), low lymphocyte count (0.96 vs 1.4 giga/liter (G/L); P <.001), and low basal estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (44.2 vs 57.5 mL/minute/1.73 m2; P <.001). A fluoroquinolone was initiated in 64 (21.4%) patients, with 51.1% of antimicrobial resistance, whereas almost all strains were erythromycin sensitive. Conclusions Campylobacteriosis has a higher incidence in the 2 first years of transplantation. The factors independently associated with campylobacteriosis are corticosteroids as maintenance immunosuppressive regimen, low lymphocyte counts, low eGFR, and a history of acute rejection. Due to high antimicrobial resistance with fluoroquinolone, the first line of treatment should be azithromycin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Open Forum Infectious Diseases is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Epidemiology of Campylobacter Species Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Retrospective Multicentric Case-Control Study in France.
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  Data: Open Forum Infectious Diseases; Sep2024, Vol. 11 Issue 9, p1-8, 8p
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– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background Campylobacteriosis in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) is the most common identified bacterial cause of diarrhea. Risk factors in KTRs are unknown. Methods A 10-year multicentric, retrospective 1:1 case-control study was performed in France between 2010 and 2020. The main aim was to identify factors associated with Campylobacter -related infection in KTRs. The KTRs with a functional graft and campylobacteriosis (positive stool culture and/or blood culture and/or positive nucleic amplification test) and their controls matched on transplantation date within the same center were included. Results We identified 326 patients with campylobacteriosis. The estimated incidence rate of campylobacteriosis was 2.3/1000 patient-years. The infection occurred at a median of 2.4 years posttransplantation. The independent risk factors for campylobacteriosis were use of corticosteroids as maintenance regimen (75.8% vs 66%; P &lt;.001), acute rejection (8.9% vs 4%; P =.048), low lymphocyte count (0.96 vs 1.4 giga/liter (G/L); P &lt;.001), and low basal estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (44.2 vs 57.5 mL/minute/1.73 m&lt;superscript&gt;2&lt;/superscript&gt;; P &lt;.001). A fluoroquinolone was initiated in 64 (21.4%) patients, with 51.1% of antimicrobial resistance, whereas almost all strains were erythromycin sensitive. Conclusions Campylobacteriosis has a higher incidence in the 2 first years of transplantation. The factors independently associated with campylobacteriosis are corticosteroids as maintenance immunosuppressive regimen, low lymphocyte counts, low eGFR, and a history of acute rejection. Due to high antimicrobial resistance with fluoroquinolone, the first line of treatment should be azithromycin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label:
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Open Forum Infectious Diseases is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1093/ofid/ofae498
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