#junkfluenced: the marketing of unhealthy food and beverages by social media influencers popular with Canadian children on YouTube, Instagram and TikTok.
| Title: | #junkfluenced: the marketing of unhealthy food and beverages by social media influencers popular with Canadian children on YouTube, Instagram and TikTok. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Kent, Monique Potvin, Bagnato, Mariangela, Amson, Ashley, Remedios, Lauren, Pritchard, Meghan, Sabir, Soulene, Gillis, Grace, Pauzé, Elise, Vanderlee, Lana, White, Christine, Hammond, David |
| Source: | International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition & Physical Activity; 4/11/2024, Vol. 21 Issue 1, p1-10, 10p |
| Subject Terms: | SOCIAL media, NUTRITIONAL value, CARBONATED beverages, RESEARCH funding, RESTAURANTS, CONVENIENCE foods, MARKETING, CANDY, CACAO, SNACK foods |
| Geographic Terms: | CANADA |
| Abstract: | Background: Marketing of unhealthy foods to children on digital media significantly impacts their dietary preferences and contributes to diet-related noncommunicable diseases. Canadian children spend a significant amount of time on digital devices and are frequently exposed to unhealthy food marketing on social media, including by influencers with celebrity status who endorse products. This study aimed to examine the frequency, healthfulness, and power of unhealthy food marketing in posts by influencers popular with Canadian children on YouTube, Instagram and TikTok. Methods: The top 9 influencers popular amongst Canadian children aged 10–12 years were identified from the 2021 International Food Policy Study Youth Survey. A total of 2,232 Instagram, YouTube and TikTok posts made by these influencers between June 1st 2021 and May 31st 2022 were examined for instances of food marketing. Food products/brands were identified and frequencies were calculated for the number of posts promoting food products/brands, posts promoting products/brands classified as less healthy according to Health Canada's Nutrient Profile Model (2018) and marketing techniques utilized. Results: YouTube had the highest average rate of food marketing instances per post, at a rate of 1 food marketing instance every 0.7 posts, while TikTok and Instagram had instances every 10.2 posts and 19.3 posts, respectively. Overall, fast food restaurants was the most promoted food category (21%), followed by regular soft drinks (13%), snacks (11%), candy and chocolate (11%) and water (8%). The most frequently used marketing techniques were appeals to fun/cool (37%), the use of songs or music (28%) and the product being consumed (25%). In terms of healthfulness, 83% of the products/brands (87% of brands and 82% of products) promoted were classified as less healthy. Conclusions: Social media influencers play a substantial role in promoting unhealthy food products to children, primarily fast food items. Given the significant impact of such marketing on children, there is a need for ongoing government-led monitoring, and it is crucial to include social media and influencer marketing in marketing restrictions targeting children in Canada to safeguard this vulnerable demographic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Complementary Index |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: #junkfluenced: the marketing of unhealthy food and beverages by social media influencers popular with Canadian children on YouTube, Instagram and TikTok. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kent%2C+Monique+Potvin%22">Kent, Monique Potvin</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bagnato%2C+Mariangela%22">Bagnato, Mariangela</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Amson%2C+Ashley%22">Amson, Ashley</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Remedios%2C+Lauren%22">Remedios, Lauren</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pritchard%2C+Meghan%22">Pritchard, Meghan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sabir%2C+Soulene%22">Sabir, Soulene</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gillis%2C+Grace%22">Gillis, Grace</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pauzé%2C+Elise%22">Pauzé, Elise</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vanderlee%2C+Lana%22">Vanderlee, Lana</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22White%2C+Christine%22">White, Christine</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hammond%2C+David%22">Hammond, David</searchLink> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition & Physical Activity; 4/11/2024, Vol. 21 Issue 1, p1-10, 10p – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22SOCIAL+media%22">SOCIAL media</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22NUTRITIONAL+value%22">NUTRITIONAL value</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22CARBONATED+beverages%22">CARBONATED beverages</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22RESEARCH+funding%22">RESEARCH funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22RESTAURANTS%22">RESTAURANTS</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22CONVENIENCE+foods%22">CONVENIENCE foods</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22MARKETING%22">MARKETING</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22CANDY%22">CANDY</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22CACAO%22">CACAO</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22SNACK+foods%22">SNACK foods</searchLink> – Name: SubjectGeographic Label: Geographic Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22CANADA%22">CANADA</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Background: Marketing of unhealthy foods to children on digital media significantly impacts their dietary preferences and contributes to diet-related noncommunicable diseases. Canadian children spend a significant amount of time on digital devices and are frequently exposed to unhealthy food marketing on social media, including by influencers with celebrity status who endorse products. This study aimed to examine the frequency, healthfulness, and power of unhealthy food marketing in posts by influencers popular with Canadian children on YouTube, Instagram and TikTok. Methods: The top 9 influencers popular amongst Canadian children aged 10–12 years were identified from the 2021 International Food Policy Study Youth Survey. A total of 2,232 Instagram, YouTube and TikTok posts made by these influencers between June 1st 2021 and May 31st 2022 were examined for instances of food marketing. Food products/brands were identified and frequencies were calculated for the number of posts promoting food products/brands, posts promoting products/brands classified as less healthy according to Health Canada's Nutrient Profile Model (2018) and marketing techniques utilized. Results: YouTube had the highest average rate of food marketing instances per post, at a rate of 1 food marketing instance every 0.7 posts, while TikTok and Instagram had instances every 10.2 posts and 19.3 posts, respectively. Overall, fast food restaurants was the most promoted food category (21%), followed by regular soft drinks (13%), snacks (11%), candy and chocolate (11%) and water (8%). The most frequently used marketing techniques were appeals to fun/cool (37%), the use of songs or music (28%) and the product being consumed (25%). In terms of healthfulness, 83% of the products/brands (87% of brands and 82% of products) promoted were classified as less healthy. Conclusions: Social media influencers play a substantial role in promoting unhealthy food products to children, primarily fast food items. Given the significant impact of such marketing on children, there is a need for ongoing government-led monitoring, and it is crucial to include social media and influencer marketing in marketing restrictions targeting children in Canada to safeguard this vulnerable demographic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: Abstract Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition & Physical Activity is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1186/s12966-024-01589-4 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 10 StartPage: 1 Subjects: – SubjectFull: CANADA Type: general – SubjectFull: SOCIAL media Type: general – SubjectFull: NUTRITIONAL value Type: general – SubjectFull: CARBONATED beverages Type: general – SubjectFull: RESEARCH funding Type: general – SubjectFull: RESTAURANTS Type: general – SubjectFull: CONVENIENCE foods Type: general – SubjectFull: MARKETING Type: general – SubjectFull: CANDY Type: general – SubjectFull: CACAO Type: general – SubjectFull: SNACK foods Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: #junkfluenced: the marketing of unhealthy food and beverages by social media influencers popular with Canadian children on YouTube, Instagram and TikTok. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Kent, Monique Potvin – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Bagnato, Mariangela – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Amson, Ashley – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Remedios, Lauren – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Pritchard, Meghan – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Sabir, Soulene – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Gillis, Grace – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Pauzé, Elise – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Vanderlee, Lana – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: White, Christine – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Hammond, David IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 11 M: 04 Text: 4/11/2024 Type: published Y: 2024 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 14795868 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 21 – Type: issue Value: 1 Titles: – TitleFull: International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition & Physical Activity Type: main |
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